The waxy talker (Clitocybe phyllophila) is not often found in coniferous, deciduous, and broad-leaved forests. These cute talkers are translucent when viewed from below in sunlight, which is best seen on the caps of young specimens in dry weather.
This is a poisonous mushroom and contains the toxin muscarine, so it is important to be careful when harvesting any white mushrooms intended for consumption.
Where do leaf-loving talkers grow?
Waxy talkers grow in Eurasia, Great Britain and North America. Distributed in deciduous and mixed forests. They prefer to grow on a leafy cushion, which is why they are called leaf-loving, but they are also found on coniferous litter.
Attention! Leaf-loving (waxy) talkers grow in groups, creating paths or circles, which are popularly called “witch circles.”
The ripening season occurs in the autumn months. The first fruiting bodies appear in early September (in some regions at the end of August), the last ones can be found in November.
Mushroom diets
In order to go on a mushroom diet, in which the daily diet will consist of nutrients and talkers, you need to know in advance how to cook these mushrooms. The cooking method is simple. Fruit bodies must be cleaned of leaves, debris and other forest contaminants.
Then you need to rinse the mushrooms under running cold water. Pour the required amount of water into the pan so that it completely covers the nutritious talkers and add salt (1 teaspoon per 1 liter). When the water boils, set aside for 25-30 minutes and cook over medium heat. After such processing and preparation, the mushroom can be used in any diet.
Losing excess weight with the help of a mushroom diet is simple; this is possible due to the low calorie content of talkers and their ability not to linger in the stomach. This food prevents fat deposits in the body. Nutritionists prescribe mushroom diets if there are no diseases of the kidneys, intestines, stomach or liver. This is due to the fact that the pulp contains a substance called chitin, which is difficult to digest. Therefore, it is best to consult with a specialist before testing a new diet.
A mushroom diet with vegetables will help you get rid of extra pounds in a short period of time. You need to eat 400 grams of talkers per day and the same amount of any vegetables. You need to eat mushrooms in three doses. You are allowed to drink mineral water, juices, green tea and a glass of rye kvass. For a variety of tastes, you are allowed to enjoy one or two teaspoons of honey. The results of the diet will be noticeable after one and a half to two weeks.
A mushroom diet, in which mushrooms completely replace meat and become the main ingredient of dishes.
Daily diet
Breakfast: 200 grams of mushroom salad and 100 grams of stewed vegetables, 200 milliliters of green tea.
Snack: salad of 1 kiwi with an apple and 1 teaspoon of honey, 200 milliliters of vegetable juice.
Lunch: stewed vegetables, boiled talkers and 200 milliliters of rye kvass.
Dinner: mixed mushroom salad, fresh vegetables, green tea with 1 teaspoon of honey.
Thanks to this diet, the body will cleanse itself of toxins and begin to burn fat. This is an effective dietary supplement that can see amazing results within 2-3 weeks.
Talker mushrooms are the most valuable type of mushroom; they are widely used in all spheres of human life. Low calorie content and a storehouse of vitamins and minerals make them indispensable assistants in cooking and dietetics. Beautiful and appetizing mushrooms will decorate any holiday table and delight you with their amazing taste and aroma.
| Name: | Talker |
| Type: | Edible |
Talker mushrooms are a common type of mushroom, including both edible and poisonous specimens.
They are used to prepare many dishes, so they should be collected with great care. Photos and descriptions of talker mushrooms will help you avoid making mistakes when collecting.
What do waxy talkers look like?
According to the description, the cap of young specimens of waxy talker (pictured) has a convex shape with a tubercle in the center, the edges are tucked inward. As it grows, it becomes flat, the bulge in the center is hardly noticeable. In old mushrooms it is funnel-shaped, with a wavy edge. The plates are not visible through the cap. The surface is beige or brown, sometimes with ocher spots, covered with a waxy coating, hence the name - waxy. The cracking of this coating gives the cap a marbling appearance. The diameter ranges from 5-10 cm.
Waxy specimens have white plates that become creamy with an ocher tint as they age. The width of the plates is 5 mm, the location is average in frequency.
The spore powder is dirty beige or pinkish cream.
The flesh in the cap is soft, thin (up to 2 mm thick), spongy, white in color; in the leg - harsh, fibrous, pale beige.
The height of the leg is 5-8 cm, the diameter is 1-2 cm. The shape is cylindrical, expanding at the base. The color is white, and as it matures it acquires a dirty ocher hue. The upper part of the leg is covered with a frost-like coating.
Waxy talkers (leaf-loving) have a soft, astringent taste, a pleasant aroma, but not mushroom, with strong spicy notes.
Edibility, benefits and possible harm
Mushrooms contain a lot of protein, fiber, vitamins and minerals. A particularly high concentration of nutrients is concentrated in the talker’s cap. Mushroom pulp has immunomodulatory and cleansing properties, helping the body get rid of accumulated waste and toxins. Its systematic use helps reduce the risk of various diseases.
Traditional healers use mushrooms to treat tuberculosis. And traditional medicine uses clitobicin contained in talkers to create drugs against epilepsy.
Important!
It is better to avoid mushroom meadows near busy highways and industrial facilities. During their development, such fungi absorb toxic substances from the environment, as a result of which they themselves become toxic. Therefore, you can collect talkers only in ecologically clean areas.
How to distinguish waxy talkers
Leaf-loving (waxy) talkers can be confused with the following mushrooms:
- saucer-shaped talker, belonging to conditionally edible specimens. It can be distinguished by its matte cap and descending plates underneath it;
- The bent talker is a little easier to distinguish, since the mushroom is larger in size than the leaf-loving specimens. The species is classified as conditionally edible;
- Cherry blossom has a varied cap color, so some mushroom pickers mistake it for leaf-loving specimens. Distinctive features: pinkish plates, absence of concentric circles on the cap. The mushroom is edible.
Important! Cherry can be identified by its cucumber or mealy smell.
Advice from mycologist M. Vishnevsky
Russia is very rich and prolific in various delicious mushrooms. And has one of the largest consumption in the country. In some countries, mushrooms are not eaten at all. In Russia, approximately one person per year consumes about 10 kg of various mushrooms.
To ensure that this tasty and healthy protein-rich product brings only benefits, Mikhail Vishnevsky, the chief mycologist of Russia, advises adhering to the following principles:
- Show mushrooms that are new to you to an experienced mushroom picker, or it’s better not to pick them at all
- collect already known and proven species
- collect in cleaner ecological places, no need to cut near the roadway, near factories or chemical zones and fields. They use chemicals to poison insects.
- do not forget to look at the color, appearance, shape and smell of the whole mushroom, as well as when broken
- Do not handle obviously poisonous ones, such as toadstools, with your bare hands. This is especially true for children because... for example, the fly agaric is very beautiful and attractive
- do not take shortcuts in an unknown new area, for example when traveling to a new place on vacation
- Before starting cooking, carefully sort through and discard any suspicious-looking old or rotten
- follow the cooking process fully
- Do not give dishes with mushrooms to children under 6-7 years old and the elderly
- Any suspicion of poisoning - call the hospital immediately
That's all the basic rules. We wish you clear weather.
Symptoms of poisoning
The first signs of poisoning may appear within 30-40 minutes after eating a mushroom dish, but more often this occurs several hours later.
Signs of waxy mushroom poisoning include:
- nausea, vomiting, diarrhea;
- pain in the abdomen;
- hypersalivation (salivation);
- increased sweating;
- constriction of the pupils, blurred vision;
- changes in heart function (bradycardia).
A particularly dangerous sign is shortness of breath caused by pulmonary edema. In severe cases, the patient falls into a coma. Poisoning with muscarine-containing mushrooms, including waxy mushrooms (leaf-loving mushrooms), can result in the death of young children, the elderly and people with problems of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems.
Regular consumption of small amounts of mushrooms with muscarine causes drug addiction.
I!
Among the officially poisonous mushrooms, there are those that seem to be poisonous, but, under certain conditions, they can also be eaten. This does not apply to the Waxy Talker, it is certainly a poisonous and very dangerous mushroom.
Govorushka Waxy contains a large dose of muscarine - one of the most poisonous alkaloids. It has a paralyzing effect on the peripheral nervous system of the respiratory tract and has an extremely detrimental effect on the gastrointestinal tract and human brain. Some experts compare the effect of its entry into the human body with the consequences of using poisonous gases in war.
First aid for poisoning
If your health worsens, you must call an ambulance and perform gastric lavage before it arrives. The antidote for muscarine is atropine. Its solution is administered subcutaneously or intravenously. But if it was not possible to identify the mushrooms, it is better not to use the drugs until doctors arrive.
Rinsing is done with a weak solution of manganese or warm water. The victim must drink 5-6 glasses of water, after which a gag reflex occurs. Repeat several times. After this, absorbents are given.
If there is a chill, the patient is covered and heating pads are applied to the abdomen and limbs.
To prevent dehydration, the victim should drink a weak salt solution (1 teaspoon per 1 liter of water) in small sips; you can use the pharmacy Regidron.
Growing at home and in the country
Gray rower can be grown in your summer cottage using mycelium. It should be purchased at a specialty store. We bring to your attention another method that gives more guarantees that your work will not be in vain.
Note! Planting is done in the fall, at a temperature not lower than 15°C. Growing method:
Growing method:
- Choose a place under a tree, make a hole in the ground (10-15 cm).
- Dig up a mycelium in the forest. Do this carefully so that the forest soil remains on the roots.
- Place in the hole, carefully cover with soil.
- When you notice that new mycelium is appearing, dig the bed down a little with soil.
- Sprinkle the mycelium with soil after each harvest.
Beneficial features
Rows have a whole list of useful properties. Thus, it is very valuable for medicine that many antibiotics are obtained from the enzymes contained in the rows, which are most often aimed at combating the tuberculosis bacillus. Mushrooms are also rich in vitamins B, PP, C, A.
These mushrooms are known to help with mental fatigue. Doctors recommend rowing for people suffering from diabetes and hypertension.
Due to the fact that mushrooms contain very few calories, they are perfect for dietary nutrition, and the presence of a large amount of microelements and proteins makes them an excellent food for vegetarians. In terms of their chemical composition, they are very close to meat, therefore they can completely replace it.
Edible row mushrooms are very beneficial for humans. Their benefit lies in the fact that mushrooms contain vitamins and substances that have a beneficial effect on the body, helping to cope with many diseases.
Thanks to scientific research and chemical analysis of the fungus, it was found that the rows have the following properties:
- antibacterial;
- antioxidant;
- immunomodulatory;
- antiviral;
- anti-inflammatory.
In addition, the benefits of row mushrooms are based on the fact that the use of this product contributes to:
- removing toxins from the body;
- normalization of the tone of the stomach and intestines;
- liver cell regeneration.
We can conclude that the described row mushrooms (edible only) should be included in the diet of people with diabetes, oncology, arrhythmia, diseases of the genitourinary system, rheumatism, nervous disorders and osteoporosis.
Cooking recipes
If you are going to cook a delicious dish from the row, then keep in mind: the mushroom boils down a lot. For example, to make pickles, the talker needs to be boiled, so from 1 kg of collected mushrooms you will get only 1 liter jar.
Remember! The gray row is susceptible to pests. Before cooking, carefully inspect the fruit for worms and bugs.
Primary processing
Before cooking, the fruits should be cleared of forest debris with a knife and washed. The row requires pre-cooking for 15-20 minutes.
Cooking
You need to cook talkers before marinating and salting. You can use boiled mushrooms as a separate dish.
Ingredients:
How to cook:
- Clean the collected rows from forest dirt with a knife. Remove damage and darkened areas from the fruit. You can peel off the top layer of the cap.
- Wash the mushrooms thoroughly under running water.
- Pour cold water into an enamel pan, add salt and citric acid. Bring the marinade to a boil.
- Place a row in the pan and close the lid. Time it for 10 minutes.
- Add black pepper, bay leaf, cloves. Cook for another 10 minutes.
- Drain the water and cool. If you plan to serve the rows on the table and do not plan further processing, supplement the dish with sour cream and finely chopped fresh herbs.
Pickling
To prepare this type of preservation you will need the following ingredients:
- 1 kg of rows;
- 2 tbsp. l. 9% vinegar;
- 1.5 tbsp. l. Sahara;
- 10 pieces. peppercorns;
- 1 tbsp. l. salt;
- 2 bay leaves;
- 4 clove inflorescences.
Step-by-step preparation:
- Sort the fruits and wash them. Large mushrooms are cut into slices, small ones can be left as is.
- Place the rows in a saucepan, fill with water. Cook until they sink to the bottom (at least 20 minutes). Foam will form during the cooking process. Remove it with a slotted spoon so as not to spoil the marinade.
- Add vinegar and turn off heat.
- Pour the contents of the pan into sterilized jars and seal.
- Turn the containers upside down and wait until they cool completely. The pickled mushroom is placed in the cellar and enjoyed with pickling all winter.
Freezing
Before freezing the rows, they must be thoroughly cleaned and boiled. The process consists of the following stages:
- Boil the washed and peeled rows (see recipe above).
- Place the fruits in a colander, let them drain, and then dry them on a napkin or towel.
- When the rows have cooled and dried, place them in a plastic container or plastic bag.
- Store the preparation in the freezer.
Frying
You can add a special mushroom taste and aroma to your favorite fried potatoes or other side dishes using the following dish.
Products:
- 500 g mushrooms;
- 2 liters of water;
- 2 tbsp. l. sunflower oil;
- 1 tbsp. l. salt.
Preparation:
- It is necessary to clean the row of dirt. Cut off the edges of the stem and wash the talkers.
- Place the mushrooms in a saucepan and cover with water. Add some salt.
- Cook the rows for 20 minutes, periodically removing the foam.
- Drain the mushrooms in a colander.
- Heat oil in a frying pan. Put talkers in it. Fry for 10 minutes over medium heat, stirring.
- Lightly salt the mushrooms, fry for another two minutes and turn off the gas.
Pickling
It is best to pickle talkers in the fall, because autumn fruiting bodies are denser. Opt for small young mushrooms. The smaller the row, the faster you can salt them and use them for food.
Ingredients:
- 1 kg of mushrooms;
- 2.5 liters of water;
- 75 g salt;
- 3 bay leaves;
- 10 pieces. black and allspice peas;
- 5 pieces. carnations.
How to pickle mushrooms:
- Pour water into a saucepan and place on fire. Add all the above spices and bring to a boil.
- Clean the talkers, wash them. Send into rushing water.
- Reduce heat. Cover the pan tightly with a lid and boil the fruits for 50 minutes.
- Place boiled mushrooms in pre-sterilized jars, add brine from the pan.
- When the jars have cooled, cover them with plastic lids and place them in a cool place.
- The rows can be eaten 35-40 days after salting. Properly salted mushrooms retain their elastic structure and are crunchy.
