What mushrooms grow in Arkhangelsk and how long does the picking season last?

In the forest zone of the Arkhangelsk region, the most common species are puffballs, honey mushrooms, russula, champignons, chanterelles, boletus mushrooms, row mushrooms, moss mushrooms, valui, butter mushrooms, oyster mushrooms... There are also boletus mushrooms, boletus mushrooms, boletus mushrooms and russula mushrooms. However, sometimes completely unexpected finds occur. For example, in the Kholmogory region, mushroom pickers came across a mushroom similar to a boletus mushroom.

It turned out to be a white meadow honey fungus (Leocarpa villosa). It is edible, but its taste is not the most pleasant. This species is found in open areas and forest areas. It grows frequently and very abundantly. The cap is up to 10 centimeters in diameter and has the shape of a pillow.

Meadow mushrooms can grow on the ground, on stumps or on moss. These mushrooms have almost no legs, up to 5 centimeters tall, smooth and yellow. And their white rings have a yellowish color. Sometimes they are slightly greenish.

These mushrooms taste similar to porcini mushrooms. They contain less starch. Therefore, they can be salted and fried. Due to the fact that meadow mushrooms grow so abundantly, they are often called “forest meat.” And if you happen to meet them on your way, don’t pass them by.

All kinds of mushrooms can grow in the forests of the Arkhangelsk region. In summer they appear in different places. However, they most often grow in coniferous forests, so the most common species are chanterelles, honey mushrooms and boletus.

The fox grows very quickly. So if you find it, then tomorrow you will have fresh mushrooms. It grows on stumps, under trees or on hummocks.

Honey mushrooms grow more often in pine forests. This mushroom is very tasty. It can also be fried, pickled or salted.

Honey mushrooms

Honey mushrooms are found wherever there are trees or shrubs.
Their fruiting bodies can be found both on old stumps and on living trees - on trunks and roots. Rumor has it that these fungi can even parasitize herbaceous plants, for example, potatoes. Honey mushrooms usually grow from the end of August to the end of October - in three layers, but they can give a wave at the beginning of July - under favorable conditions.

There is one type of honey fungus (though it has nothing to do with real honey mushrooms) that can grow at low temperatures. This is the so-called winter honey fungus. You can meet it on trees from autumn to spring. In warm, mild winters it bears fruit all season, but usually appears during thaws. Only experienced mushroom pickers collect it, because this honey mushroom has false poisonous “doubles” that are very similar to it. Abroad, it is cultivated as oyster mushrooms and champignons, where it is known under the Japanese name “enokitake”. The cultivated form of the winter honey fungus is very different from the natural one - it has a white color, as well as thin, elongated legs and small caps.

Butter

Tubular mushroom. The Butter Dish gets its name from its cap, which looks as if it has been smeared with oil. Delicious edible mushroom. In addition to the oily brown cap, the oiler has a skirt on a leg. Grows in coniferous taiga forests of Yamal. The mycelium is usually very large and if you find one oil can, you will spend a long time on your knees cutting its fellows into a basket. Butterflies are fried and boiled, but these mushrooms are the most delicious when marinated. In addition to its culinary benefits, boletus is also used in folk medicine, for example, to relieve headaches.

What mushrooms and where can you find them in Perm?

In the Perm region there are a variety of mushrooms, which can be reached by train, or better yet, by your own vehicle.

Near Krasnovishersk and in the Gainsky district, lovers of porcini mushrooms can find good myceliums.

There are a lot of saffron milk caps growing in the Ochersky and Elovsky districts.

Polazna has a kingdom of redheads and butterheads. The same mushrooms can be found near Dobryanka, at the stations Puzyata, Zyukai, Obva, Mokino and Anikino - along the train route to Mendeleevo.

Mushroom places can also be found in the direction of Gornozavodsk - at the stations Bokovaya, Kukhtym, in Kungur, Ust-Kachka.

Dobryansky district will not disappoint expectations either.

Compact mushroom picking tool made of stainless steel with an ergonomic handle and a brush to remove soil, dirt and moss. View models

Ryzhiki in the Perm region

Saffron milk caps

You should not waste time looking for saffron milk caps in the coniferous forest in shaded and damp places: they will not be found in such areas, since fruiting bodies require good lighting and dry soil.

The most famous camelina places in Perm are located in a westerly direction towards the border with Udmurtia. Mushroom areas of the western Perm region:

• Sivinsky;
• Bolshesosnovsky;
• Vereshchaginsky;
• Karagaysky;
• Nytvensky.

In the western direction of the Perm region, electric trains leave from the II railway station of Perm. After an hour of travel, the first station is where the Shabunichi mushroom places begin.

Porcini and boletus mushrooms

You can easily find porcini mushrooms in the vicinity of the city of Krasnovishersk, the village of Gayny or other settlements of the Komi Okrug. In the Elovsky and Ochersky districts you will find entire expanses of saffron milk caps. You will come across many milk mushrooms near Kishert and Elovo, and redheads and boletus will be glad to see you in the vicinity of Polazna and Dobryanka.

Moving towards Ilyinsky, you can easily meet obabki and redheads. Right behind Cherdyn you can also find redheads, chanterelles and russula. In the area of ​​Krasava and Shemetey there is a high probability of collecting a good harvest of boletus and porcini mushrooms.

When going to Nytvensky district, get off at Tchaikovskaya station. There you will collect whole baskets of mushrooms and porcini mushrooms.

Mushroom pickers also advise taking the train to Mendeleevo. There you decide for yourself which stop to get off at: Mokino, Obva, Puzyata, Anikino, Zyukai. Full baskets are guaranteed for you.

Dobryansky district, Kungur and Ust-Kachka are real treasure troves of nature’s gifts. Feel free to go there for mushrooms by personal transport, by bus or train.

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Where chanterelles grow in the Moscow region: we talk about collection sites in 2022 and beyond

Where do chanterelles grow in the Moscow region and beyond? Chanterelle mushrooms grow mainly in coniferous forests, less often in mixed forests, in old forests with rotted leaves, where they choose a place near pines and spruce trees, and gather in groups near birch and oak trees. Moss-covered areas in openwork shade are especially attractive.

Where do chanterelles grow and how? Witches' rings are the name given to mushroom places of this type: the myceliums are arranged in almost regular rings, and in the old days this was mystified. It turns out that the spores form a mycelium that grows evenly in all directions, forming an almost perfect circle.

The chanterelle is demanding of air humidity: it settles in damp areas, grows on moss-covered edges, in grass, and massively forms full myceliums after heavy rain. And also:

1. She is shade-loving: if sunny weather prevails, she settles in the shade of trees; if it is cloudy and rainy, she goes out to sunny lawns.
2. It is thermophilic: it is no coincidence that the time of the first summer mushroom is July. As soon as the rains and foggy days are replaced by sunny weather, it’s time to go mushroom hunting: the harvest will be bountiful!
3. This is a morning mushroom: the optimal time for collection is morning: the shiny caps are best visible in the grass without bright sun.
4. This is a mushroom of the old forest: the best places for collecting chanterelles in the Moscow region and not only are old forests, with an abundance of moss, rotted mixed litter, and butcher's broom.

Chanterelle mushrooms in the Moscow region in 2022: where to collect when and how

Mushroom places where chanterelles grow in the Moscow region - the opinion of mycologists, reviews and experience of mushroom pickers. Current for 2022!

The northern region of the Moscow region is usually not generous with mushroom places - residents of the south are luckier with the choice of gathering places. This year, mushroom luck smiled on the northerners: 2022 is the most generous year for the summer harvest of forest gifts.

Map of mushroom places in the Moscow region: collecting chanterelles

Where to go for chanterelles in the Moscow region, where to go? Map of mushroom places to help!

• Gorky direction. To go for a generous harvest, you should go to the Fryazino station and up to 5 km from the station in the north, south direction; an excellent collection point is platform 61 km.
• Savelovskoe. It is worth visiting the stations Morozki, Taldom, Iksha, Tourist, Vlasovo - to leave with full baskets.
• Kazanskoe. According to reviews, the stations Chernaya, Lukhovitsy, Platform 63 are interesting - some nice mushroom places await you about 2 km away.
• Riga. Stations Nakhabino, Opalikha, pl. Yadroshino.
• Kursk. Eastern direction from Grivno station, Kolkhoznaya station, Stolbovaya, Chekhov - you should definitely visit these places in 2020: one of the richest directions and fruitful places on the mushroom map.
• Ryazanskoe. The best places for collecting chanterelle mushrooms in 2022 are Chernaya, Bronnitsa, Faustovo stations, platform 63 km.
• Yaroslavskoe. Mushroom pickers call the most promising place for collecting chanterelles in 2022 in the Moscow region. Of particular interest is the Pushkino station, as well as Abramtsevo, Sofrino, Ashukinskaya.

Chanterelles in the Moscow region: what 2022 will delight you with

The south of the Moscow region is especially generous: the most mushroom places traditionally and in 2022 are the Domodedovo region, Podolsk, Tarusa, New Moscow.

The west of the Moscow region is not lagging behind: a generous harvest of chanterelles is harvested in the southern outskirts of Serpukhov, in the west of Zvenigorod, in the Odintsovo district.

The east of the Moscow region is not rich in mushroom places this year, but this does not apply to chanterelles - especially in the Ramensky district, Kolomna, Balakhna, Noginsk.

The North rejoices at the full baskets: a rare harvest was shown in usually stingy places. The best places to gather: the Sergiev Posad area, from the border of the Tver region to Solnchegorsk.

Best collection time for the Moscow region: when is the best time to collect

When is the best time to pick chanterelle mushrooms in the Moscow region, when does the mushroom season begin? In the Moscow region there are two fruiting peaks for chanterelles. The first is the third decade of June or the beginning of July, the second peak is mid-August. Fans of quiet hunting consider these two periods to be very successful: at the time of chanterelle peaks in the Moscow region, other species are not very common.

White mushrooms

The dream of every mushroom picker and one of the most valuable trophies. It is quite common in central Russia, the main thing is to know the places.

The porcini mushroom (Boletus edulis) is easily identified by its rounded, slightly convex cap of a reddish-brown, dark orange, or yellowish hue. It reaches a diameter of 30 cm, covered with a matte velvety skin, darker in the center and lighter at the edges. After rain, the cap becomes shiny and a little slippery. The leg of the porcini mushroom is massive, in the shape of a club or a low barrel. It is usually lighter than the cap and covered with a network of greenish veins. When cut, the porcini mushroom is strong, dense, juicy, with white flesh and a faint pleasant aroma.

Where does it grow

Favorite habitats are old mixed forests with moderately moist soil. Prefers to grow under oaks, beeches, spruce and birch thickets, and hazel. It can often be found next to chanterelles and russula.

When to collect

The white mushroom appears in waves from July to October. The most abundant third wave begins in the second ten days of August and lasts until mid-September.

What can be confused with

Boletus edulis is similar to the white oak and white pine mushrooms (boletus), but they are edible look-alikes. It is much more dangerous to confuse it with the gall fungus (Tylopilus felleus) or the extremely toxic boletus mushroom (Boletus pulcherrimus). They can be distinguished from real porcini mushrooms by their cut: upon contact with air, the flesh of the first one gradually turns red, and the second one turns blue

In addition, if a small piece of the twin mushroom is carefully placed on the tongue, the bitterness will warn of danger. Real porcini mushroom does not taste bitter

At the end of this article, we will offer you useful mobile applications that will also help you visually distinguish edible mushrooms from inedible ones.

Description of edible mushrooms with photographs

This description is primarily intended to answer your popular queries about mushrooms: where to collect them, what time of year, what edible mushrooms look like, detailed descriptions with photographs, whether they can be grown at home, what is best to prepare, poisonous and inedible counterparts.

The catalog includes most of the known edible and conditionally edible mushrooms growing on the territory of the Russian Federation. Each description is complemented by an illustrated picture or photograph taken in their natural habitat. In addition, for a complete picture of a particular mushroom, the descriptions are supplemented with excerpts from books, authoritative magazines, reference books and video reviews.

We didn’t find a mushroom here, perhaps it is poisonous or inedible, or it is not yet described on the site and we will be happy to help you identify it.

The forest areas of Russia are very rich in mushrooms, and residents do not miss the opportunity to take advantage of this gift of nature. Traditionally, they are fried, pickled or dried. But the danger lies in the fact that many poisonous species skillfully disguise themselves as edible mushrooms. This is why it is important to know the characteristics of the varieties that are approved for consumption.

Mushroom places in the Arkhangelsk region

Krasnaya Gorka, Shenkursky district, is traditional and known to everyone in the Arkhangelsk region as the most mushroom and berry place. Every year, at the height of the season, lovers of quiet hunting for the gifts of nature - mushrooms and berries - come here. Many people have been going to Krasnaya Gorka for decades, with the whole family, everyone will find their own quiet corner in the forest - a place where you can rest your soul and gather supplies for the year together.

Previously, back in the Soviet years, groups of foresters on Ikaruses came from the enterprises of Arkhangelsk, Severodvinsk and Novodvinsk to the Krasnogorsk forests! Nowadays, when many people have their own cars, they come in their own transport. You can get to many remote corners of the forest by car - the roads are good!

In the surrounding forests of Krasnaya Gorka, an amateur collector will find all the riches of the northern forest:

• Mushrooms - porcini, boletus, boletus, boletus, milk mushrooms, trumpets, chanterelles;
• Berries - cloudberries, blueberries, lingonberries, cranberries, raspberries, strawberries, rose hips, red and black currants;
• Herbs (fireweed) and mosses (Icelandic).

How nice it is, after the bustle of the city, to sit in the forest by the fire, drink lingonberry leaf tea, and eat fresh baked potatoes! It can also be combined with fishing on numerous lakes or rivers. And just walking through the healing pine forests is a pleasure.

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The most poisonous mushrooms in Siberia. Avoid meeting them

Autumn is the time for mushroom picking, fishing and hunting. Surely every family has at least one member who constantly invites everyone to the forest to pick mushrooms, enjoy the forest landscapes and at the same time replenish their refrigerator with the bounty of the forests. In this article we would like to tell you which mushrooms you may not survive encounters with and it is better to avoid them!

Sulfur-yellow false honey fungus

The list of mushrooms that you should avoid will open with the sulfur-yellow false honey fungus. As befits all honey mushrooms, they grow in families mainly on stumps, as well as in places of high humidity. A spherical hat that becomes half-open as it grows. This mushroom is easy to distinguish from edible ones. Edible mushrooms have a “skirt”, while false mushrooms do not.

The cap size of an adult mushroom reaches 7-10 centimeters. A distinctive feature of the mushroom is its poisonous orange color, which, when oxidized, changes its color to red. The leg tapers at the base and lives in pine forests and spruce forests. The taste is similar to hot pepper.

A mushroom that has quite impressive dimensions. It is difficult to confuse this mushroom with any other, as it has a bright, memorable appearance. The stem thickens towards the ground, and the cap is easily separated from the stem. The hat, in turn, has the shape of an umbrella. The color of the hat can be red or green, but in both cases there are white spots on them. The mushroom contains hallucinogenic substances that can lead to death if overdosed.

Deadly mushroom. The appearance is somewhat similar to honey mushrooms. But there are a couple of points that allow you to distinguish them. The first is the white and greenish color that decorates the mushroom. The second is the unusually large size of the stem and cap of the mushroom. The main danger is that the symptoms of the poison appear after some time, when, most likely, it will be difficult to save a person’s life.

The final one will be a mushroom that has a strange name - “Satanic Mushroom”. A strange mushroom that changes its shape depending on the period of maturity. Initially it has a flat hat, which in the process of maturity gains power and turns into a convex one. Surprisingly, not only his hat changes, but also the coloring of the mushroom. The initial coloring of the mushroom is gray, but gradually changes to a light green color.

With this wonderful mushroom we have summarized the list of poisonous mushrooms that are fatal to humans. It is also worth noting that this is not the entire list of mushrooms that are life-threatening.

Characteristics of edible mushrooms and their description

Among the noble representatives of edible, tasty and healthy mushrooms, there is a special group, which is usually characterized by one word “toadstools”, because they are all poisonous or deadly poisonous, there are about 30 species. They are dangerous because they usually grow next to edible ones and often look similar to them. Unfortunately, only a few hours later it turns out that a dangerous mushroom was eaten, when the person was poisoned and ended up in the hospital.

To avoid such serious troubles, it would be useful to look again at the photos, names and descriptions of edible forest mushrooms before going on a “quiet hunt”.

You can start with the first category, which includes the most noble, high-quality mushrooms with the highest taste and nutritional qualities.

Porcini mushroom (or boletus) - it is given the palm, it is one of the rarest among its relatives, the beneficial properties of this mushroom are unique, and the taste is the highest. When the mushroom is small, it has a very light cap on top, which changes its color to yellowish-brown or chestnut with age. The underside is tubular, white or yellowish, the flesh is dense, the older the mushroom becomes, the more flabby its flesh becomes, but its color does not change when cut. This is important to know, since the poisonous gall mushroom is similar in appearance to the white one, but the surface of the spongy layer is pink, and the flesh turns red at the break. In young boletus, the legs have the shape of a drop or a barrel, with age it changes to cylindrical.

It is most often found in summer, does not grow in groups, and can be found in sandy or grassy meadows.

Boletus is a delicious mushroom, rich in microelements, known as an absorbent that binds and removes harmful toxic substances from the human body. The cap of the boletus is a muted brown shade, convex, reaching a diameter of 12 cm, the stem is covered with small scales, and widened towards the base. The pulp does not have a specific mushroom smell; when broken, it acquires a pinkish tint.

Mushrooms love moist soil, you should go for them in a birch grove after a good rain, you need to look right at the roots of birch trees, they are found in aspen forests.

Camelina is a mushroom that got its name due to its special carrot-red color, the cap is an interesting funnel-shaped, with a depression in the middle, circles are visible from the depression to the edges, the lower part and the stem are also orange, the plastics turn green when pressed. The pulp is also bright orange, gives off a light resinous aroma and taste, the milky juice released at the break turns green, then turns brown. The taste of the mushroom is highly valued.

Prefers to grow in pine forests on sandy soils.

The real milk mushroom is considered and called “the king of mushrooms” by mushroom pickers, although it cannot boast that it is suitable for use in various processing: basically, it is eaten only in salted form. The cap at a young age is flat-convex, with a slight depression, turning into a funnel-shaped, yellowish or greenish-white with age. It has transparent, glassy-like diametric circles - one of the characteristic signs of milk mushrooms. The plates from the stem extend to the edge of the cap, on which a fibrous fringe grows. The white, brittle pulp has a recognizable mushroom smell; the white juice, as it weathers, begins to turn yellow.

Mushroom map of the Krasnodar region (Kuban)

The peak of the season depends on the summer: if it was first hot and then rainy, there will be a lot of mushrooms in the forests. Autumn brings rain, after which many people flee to the forests. But mushroom pickers are in no hurry to collect: the first to emerge “into the light” are the poisonous doubles. Mushrooms are most often collected in the Krasnodar region. There are many foothill forests, ravines and fertile meadows. They are most often sent to the following places:

1. Absheronsky and Tuapse districts: chanterelles are collected here. Oyster mushrooms and some russula also grow here.
2. In the Mostovsky district in the vicinity of Psebay: places are rich in honey mushrooms; they are collected from July until the first ten days of December. Chanterelles are less common (near the village of Zelenchukskaya). Here you can also find rarer specimens of yellow hedgehog.
3. the villages of Kaluzhskaya and Smolenskaya: white and boletus are often found not far from them.
4. Goryachy Klyuch, Arkhyz region (between Lake Kardyvach and Krasnaya Polyana): honey mushrooms bear fruit well in this area. They are collected at any time of the year (except for the snowy months of winter).
5. the villages of Dakhovskaya and Smolenskaya, the villages of Shabanovka and Fanagoriyskoye: milk mushrooms grow abundantly.
6. Goryacheklyuchevskaya and Absheronsk districts: here, as well as near the coasts of Gelendzhik, Sochi, Tuapse, boletus and aspen boletuses are searched for in the mountain forests.
7. the mouth of the Ubinka River: the oak forests growing here are rich in oak trees.

The Crimean and Northern regions are also considered favorable. They “hunt” in the vicinity of the city of Barabinsk. They get to their destinations using railways and minibuses. It is better to travel to remote areas by car.

The first mushrooms appeared abnormally early in the forests of the region

There is a basket in your hands, and a great surprise in your head. Experienced mushroom picker Nikolai Tokarsky does not remember such an unusual summer. The mushrooms appeared a month earlier. And not somewhere in the forest, but a few meters from the dacha plot. Together we go on a quiet hunt. And here is the first boletus hiding in the grass. People call these types of idiots. They say that the first wave of mushrooms is not the best, there are a lot of worms. But our fears today were not confirmed.

- Now let's see. See how clean it is.

A neighbor in the country joins the quiet hunt. And literally 5 minutes later he brings a whole armful of boletus mushrooms.

Nikolai Tokarsky, summer resident:

– I’ve lived in Arkhangelsk for as long as I’ve lived, I don’t remember this – that there were mushrooms so early. And precisely in Arkhangelsk. There in the region, maybe somewhere further south, but here, I don’t remember. The taste is normal, like regular mushrooms, fresh.

Experts associate this early appearance of mushrooms with favorable weather. She was ahead of the calendar by a whole month. In May, northerners enjoyed almost southern heat. The temperature exceeded the norm by an average of 7 degrees. And at the beginning of June there were heavy warm rains. Therefore, the mycelium woke up much earlier.

Nadezhda Demina, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, researcher at the Northern Forestry Research Institute:

– The first wave of mushrooms such as boletus and boletus should appear and take place at the end of June or beginning of July. This year the appearance of mushrooms is a deviation from the norm.

In a word, summer arrived in our area a month earlier. Today, of course, there is no trace of the warm weather. But by the 20th of June, weather forecasters promise warming and thunderstorms. Maybe there will be even more mushrooms.

Konstantin Bushuev, correspondent:

– The weather this year really works miracles. So early mushrooms grew not only in forests and dachas, but also in the very center of Arkhangelsk. For example, in the alley on Gagarin Street we found a dozen strong boletus mushrooms.

Eating such mushrooms is, of course, unsafe. But the collection process itself is quite exciting.

– This is the first time I’m picking mushrooms in the city center, and not in the forest.

After that, we go to the market to find out if they sell fresh mushrooms there.

“We stand there every day, but we have never seen or traded people here.

– There are no mushrooms on the market yet, but people have already found fresh mushrooms – redheads, but only small ones.

Those who did not have time to try fresh mushroom mushrooms should not be upset.

Olga Shirokova, head of the agrometeorological forecasts department of the Northern Hydrometeorological Center:

– The first wave is always short-lived. Some made it, some didn't. Some people didn't see her at all. And the massive appearance of mushrooms in the region is already in the second half of August. This is when mushrooms grow everywhere when the soil is sufficiently moistened and warmed up.

The real mushroom season is still ahead. And the forecasts for it are favorable.

(Video material prepared by: Konstantin Bushuev, Alexander Chalkov)

Expanded list of edible mushrooms and their descriptions

In order to indicate the names of all edible mushrooms and give them descriptions, you will need a whole book, since there are a huge number of their varieties. But more often than not, people opt for the most famous, trustworthy species, leaving dubious representatives to professional mushroom pickers.

Porcini

It is also known as boletus. This mushroom has earned popularity due to its nutritional value and aromatic taste. It is suitable for any type of processing: frying, boiling, drying, salting.

Porcini

The porcini mushroom is characterized by a thick light stalk and a large tubular cap, whose diameter can reach 20 cm. Most often it has a brown, brown or red color. At the same time, it is completely heterogeneous: the edge is usually lighter than the center. As the mushroom ages, the lower part of the cap changes color from white to yellow-green. You can see a mesh pattern on the leg.

The inner pulp has a dense consistency and its taste resembles a nut. When cut, its color does not change.

Ryzhik

Very high in calories and nutritious. Great for pickling and salting. You can use other types of treatment, but it is better not to dry it. Characterized by a high degree of digestibility.

Camelina mushroom

The main feature of saffron milk caps is their bright orange color. Moreover, the color is characteristic of all parts of the mushroom: the stem, cap and even the pulp. The cap is plate-shaped and has a depression in the center. The color is not uniform: the red color is diluted with dark gray spots. The plates are frequent. If you cut the mushroom, the flesh changes color to green or brown.

boletus

A common species, which, as the name suggests, prefers to grow near a cluster of birch trees. Ideal fried or boiled.

Collection rules and precautions

There is no need to collect mushrooms along large highways - there they accumulate harmful substances from car exhaust gases (organic lead compounds are the most dangerous of them).

You shouldn’t take mushrooms near rivers either. When there is a flood in the spring, the banks are flooded and the water, which is not always environmentally friendly, “supplies” the soil with various “harmful things”, which does not make it better, and the plants and mushrooms growing here are healthier for humans or animals.

Silent hunt for the first mushrooms in the Arkhangelsk region

Arkhangelsk swamps#Michalna mushrooms#July 8,2019#

HIKING: mushroom picking in the vicinity of Arkhangelsk

When going to the forest, take a compass with you, or even better, a smartphone with the ability to determine your geographic location on a map and find your way home if you get lost. In addition to the electronic card, it is worth stocking up on a regular one in case the mobile Internet “does not last long.”

In addition, take with you several sandwiches, an adhesive bandage and hydrogen peroxide in case of injury.

If you are not confident in your ability to navigate the terrain, mark your direction of movement with bright ribbons on tree branches, which you will pick up when returning.

Arkhangelsk forests are rich in swamps, some of them are impassable, others can become so during prolonged rains. Avoid them.

Take care of the restoration of forest wealth:

• do not pull out the stem along with the adjacent mycelium;
• do not collect too old specimens. They will not be of any use to you, but it will ripen and be scattered by spores.

The mushrooms of the Arkhangelsk region are so good that people come for them from all over Russia and beyond. So, when the season comes, don’t miss the chance to prepare delicious forest products for your family. Let's hope that 2022 will also be a fruitful year.

What are the benefits of picking winter mushrooms?

Picking mushrooms in winter is much easier than in summer. They are much easier to spot in the snow than under summer vegetation and branches. Another problem that automatically disappears in winter is the lack of mosquitoes. Winter mushrooms usually grow on tree trunks, so you don’t have to bend over to pick them up. Many mushroom pickers ski through the forest.

Mushrooms available for collection in winter are located high on trees or on dry stumps

Where do they grow?

Chanterelles can be found both in mixed forests and in coniferous and birch forests. In sunny weather, they prefer to grow in the shade of trees, in places saturated with moisture. In rainy weather they can also be found in open, sunny areas.

The presented species, like many other mushrooms, grow in families. Therefore, when you see one mushroom, there is no need to rush to leave the clearing. It’s better to look around: under the leaves, moss and among the tree branches. The fruits should be cut carefully and not uprooted. Mushrooms that grow near highways and other places that can pollute surrounding areas are best left to grow. They will bring nothing but harm.

Important! For some unknown reason, it is not recommended to look for chanterelles near blueberry bushes; they practically do not grow there

Edible varieties

More than 250 species of edible mushrooms grow in the northern forests. Let's look at the main ones.

Borovik

It was nicknamed white for maintaining a white color when cut when dried. The color of the cap varies in intensity: from light yellow in open areas to dark brown in spruce forests.

From a biological point of view, boletus mushrooms are mycorrhiza-formers that enter into symbiosis with representatives of deciduous and coniferous trees. If you set out to grow a plantation of boletus mushrooms on your plot, you will definitely have to not only bring a piece of mycelium, but also ensure that it receives registration next to the symbiont tree. Otherwise, you won’t get a fungal harvest.

You should look for it in light pine forests, on sandy soils, among mosses, lingonberries and heather. It also occurs in other places, but less frequently. If you find one white one, take a good look around, you might find a few more here. A common species from

Real milk mushroom

It is popular and considered the king of agaric mushrooms. The color of the fruiting body is white, reaches large sizes in growth (up to 20 cm). It is also called raw or wet, which is directly related to the biological characteristics of the cap - its skin is mucous and moist.

Found in birch forests and forests mixed with birch. It often hides under fallen leaves, but if you manage to spot it, you’ll very likely find several more nearby.

Milk mushrooms are good salted. Before salting, they should be soaked for several days, changing the water, to wash out the acrid bitterness from them, and they become edible.

Boletus

The brown-red cap can vary in color up to white, which is extremely rare. The flesh turns blue when cut. It grows to an impressive size.

It can be found on different soils and in forests, as long as there is aspen nearby. The mushroom is good fresh and pickled; it can be frozen and dried.

boletus

Obabok is the first to open the mushroom season. It can grow in damp forest lowlands and on sandy hills if there is a birch tree nearby.

It can be found not only in the forest, but also in city parks, on the personal plots of those who left a birch tree, with which these mushrooms form mycorrhiza.

Mushrooms often grow in large groups. It is better to use freshly prepared or freeze. Its loose pulp spreads when pickled and becomes too thin when dried.

Oil can

Delicious tubular mushroom. It got its name from the slippery cap, which seems to be lubricated with oil, especially in wet weather.

It prefers forest clearings and pine forests, and quickly colonizes young pine plantings. Grows in large groups. Once you decide to collect this delicious mushroom, stock up on gloves that will protect your hands from severe contamination.

It can be pickled, frozen, dried. The skin is removed from the cap.

Mosswort

Quite often in the forest you can find the yellow-brown butterfly, or as it is also called, the yellow-brown moss. These tubular mushrooms grow in moss-overgrown areas of pine forests, on sandy soils, singly or in small groups.

Their beautiful, velvety-looking hats attract attention. They grow up to 12 cm in diameter. Belongs to category 3 of edibility.

Moss mushrooms are best consumed freshly prepared, pickled and frozen. Drying is not recommended.

Volnushka

Volnushki are delicious when salted

Respected by mushroom pickers. She loves to grow along the edges of swamps, in birch forests, and in mixed birch-spruce forests. Can be found in grass and among ferns. The most popular among lovers of “silent hunting” is the pink trumpet, which is salted and pickled. Young fruiting bodies with a cap size of 3-4 cm, the so-called. “curls” are especially valued in salting.

Excellent for pickling. But before that, like white milk mushrooms, it needs to be soaked.

In the Arkhangelsk forests, black milk mushrooms, saffron milk caps, gray milk mushrooms, chanterelles, honey mushrooms and many others are also often found.

Mushroom picker's lunar calendar for 2022

The mushroom kingdom has never belonged to the world of animals and plants. A separate group, classified as a separate branch of science - mycology, is easy to study as a hobby if a local resident knows firsthand about the distinctive features of edible, poisonous and false subspecies. Knowing the difference and being guided by the phases of the Moon, it will not be difficult to facilitate such tasks as: collection, processing, storage and preparation.

Despite the varieties of families and subspecies, all mushrooms consist of 70-90% water. This means that the lunar phases and their changes directly affect the content of the forest product. According to leading astrologers, active germination of the mycelium begins during the period of growth and stops during the period of decline.

And even though you are collecting, it is recommended that at the time of collection, you prepare for the winter, more correctly in the decline phase. Lovers of quiet hunting have verified from their own experience that pickled and canned recipes, dried and frozen, store much better, provided that the right day is chosen.

The most favorable days for picking mushrooms, drying, freezing and canning for the winter according to the Lunar calendar in 2022

Unfortunately, a little rain is not enough for mushrooms to germinate well. The more moisture, the more mushrooms can be collected in the forest area

In this case, it does not matter at all whether a small forest belt is chosen for collection or a vast forest area, both deciduous and coniferous, and mixed

For mushroom picking in 2022, the most favorable phases of the waxing Moon fall during the following periods:

• in April - from 23 to 30;
• in May - from 1 to 6, from 23 to 31;
• in June - from 1 to 4, from 22 to 30;
• in July - from 1 to 4, from 20 to 31;
• in August - 1 and 2, from 19 to 31;
• in September - 1, from 18 to 30;
• in October - 1, from 17 to 31;
• in November - from 16 to 29.

For preparations for the winter, namely: pickling, canning, freezing and drying, the phases of the waning moon in 2022 will be ideal:

• in August - from 4 to 18;
• in September - from 3 to 16;
• in October - from 2 to 15;
• in November - from 1 to 13.

Although the calendar hints can facilitate the collection process, protect your health from mistakes and in case of a small mistake, simple safety rules that imply 3 simple points will allow you:

1) you should not collect mushrooms that are unfamiliar to you or those that raise doubts. The lack of exact characteristics or their absence should alert the mushroom picker, forcing him to pass by the mushroom clearing;

2) you should avoid collecting old mushrooms that have wormy or damaged flesh. Unfortunately, the external ecology does not improve, impregnating the fruits, like a sponge, with toxins, carcinogens and poisons in the adult state. Another thing is young mushrooms that have recently grown in a clearing or forest, distant from factories and other industrial premises, highways, cemeteries and landfills;

3) forests have always been inhabited by snakes and insects that can cause irreparable harm to health. To avoid tick and snake bites, you should not neglect safety rules before going to the forest. Insect repellent sprays combined with clothing that covers the head, legs and torso will help reduce risks to a minimum. A hat, a high-neck jacket, jeans and rubber boots will become an indispensable combination when going on a quiet hunt.

Compared to plants and fruit crops, mushrooms bear fruit quickly. Accelerated growth allows you to collect several buckets at once in one place, observing intervals of one week, adhering to the Lunar calendar. Favorable days, combined with high humidity, will make the harvesting fruitful, capable of producing enough harvest, both for cooking and storing for the winter.

Features of the region

The region's forest cover is about 40%, because a significant part of coniferous and mixed forests is in the north. Spruce forests predominate here. The northern Moscow region is irrigated by tributaries of the Volga, there are shallow lakes, many reservoirs, and sometimes swampy places. There are no hills, little forest-steppe and meadows.

The outskirts of Moscow are considered environmentally polluted, which makes “silent hunting” within the city and near it dangerous. However, thanks to the developed transport system, it is not difficult to reach remote corners of the region in a day. The weather and flora here are favorable for the growth of mushrooms.

Basic safety rules for picking mushrooms

You need to put your finds in a wicker basket to preserve the freshness of the product. You should not bring home unknown types of mushrooms. Each mushroom must be cut with a whole stalk. All collected mushrooms must be immediately sorted, sorted and cooked. It is prohibited to collect mushrooms in buckets or plastic bags, taste the products during collection, store them warm, pickle and salt them in galvanized or glazed clay dishes.

Every year in Russia, cases of food poisoning associated with the consumption of mushrooms are registered, which contain a lot of mushroom indigestible fiber - chitin.

Rules for collecting mushrooms:

• collect only those mushrooms that you know for sure are edible;
• do not collect mushrooms within populated areas, along roads and railways (they accumulate toxic substances and become unsuitable for food);
• do not buy mushrooms sold in unauthorized retail outlets from hand, from random passers-by;
• do not collect overripe, slimy, wormy, old, overgrown or unknown mushrooms;
• do not try mushrooms during collection; they can be eaten only after sufficient heat treatment;
• You cannot take mushrooms that have thickenings at the base of the stem. In order not to make a mistake in choosing mushrooms, you need to cut them off with the stem intact so that you can check them again at home (especially russula);
• We must not forget that some edible mushrooms (autumn honey fungus, russula) have poisonous counterparts.

Benefits of mushrooms

In diabetics, mushrooms reduce blood sugar levels. This product has a low calorie content because it consists of 90% water and at the same time saturates the stomach well - it is useful if you are on a diet.

For older people, it is useful to eat dishes with mushrooms to improve memory and stimulate brain function, but in small quantities so as not to provoke gastrointestinal problems.

Along with beneficial properties, there are also negative qualities. Forest meat contains a lot of chitin. Especially in his legs. It is difficult to digest and slows down the digestion process. Which is especially dangerous for people suffering from diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

General characteristics

For the human body, mushrooms are a valuable product that can replace meat and chicken eggs (due to their high protein content - up to 5%) and help compensate for the lack of vitamins and microelements.

All types of mushrooms belong to a special mushroom kingdom, which has no relation to either the animal or plant world.

The following chemical elements were identified in them:

• a set of vitamins B, A, C, D and PP;
• sulfur;
• potassium;
• phosphorus;
• zinc;
• copper, etc.

The high content of enzymes allows them to be used in the food industry for juicing. In the production of roughage, fungal enzymes are used to enrich them. In Asian countries, “forest meat” is used to create sauces.

Taste characteristics

The division occurs according to edibility and taste.

• Category 1: edible;
• Category 2: conditionally edible;
• Category 3: inedible;
• Category 4: poisonous.

All edible species (belonging to category 1) are safe to eat in any form, even raw. They can be washed, peeled and eaten well.

How to distinguish edible species

Mushrooms are not only tasty, but also very healthy food. They contain substances such as salts, glycogen, carbohydrates, as well as vitamins of groups A, B, C, D. If the mushrooms are young, then they also contain many microelements: calcium, zinc, iron, iodine. Their intake has a beneficial effect on the body's metabolic processes, increasing appetite, functioning of the nervous system and gastrointestinal tract.

Forest edible mushrooms

In fact, there are no exact criteria by which one can distinguish safe mushrooms from poisonous ones. Only existing knowledge about the appearance, characteristics and names of each species can help in this matter.

Characteristics of edible mushrooms

General criteria for edible mushrooms include:

• No sharp bitter smell or taste;
• They are not characterized by very bright and catchy colors;
• Typically the inner flesh is light in color;
• Most often they do not have a ring on the stem.

But all these signs are only averaged, and may have exceptions. For example, one of the most poisonous representatives, the white toadstool, also has no pungent odor at all and its flesh is light.

Another important point in this matter is the growing area. Typically, edible species grow far away from their dangerous counterparts. Therefore, a proven harvest location can significantly reduce the risk of encountering poisonous mushrooms.

Common Misconceptions

There are many popular signs and non-standard ways of determining the safety of mushrooms. Here are the most common misconceptions:

• Silver spoon. It is believed that it should darken upon contact with an inedible mushroom;
• Onion and garlic. They are added to the mushroom broth and if they darken, it means there is a poisonous species in the pan. It is not true;
• Milk. Some people believe that when a mushroom that is dangerous to humans is placed in milk, it will definitely turn sour. Another myth;
• Worms and larvae. If they eat certain types of mushrooms, then they are edible. But in fact, some species edible by worms can harm human health.

The richest areas for mushrooms

Next, we will consider in which areas you can collect a rich harvest of mushrooms in the Arkhangelsk region in 2022, and what berries to collect “for company.”

Velsky district

Wild berries grow in large quantities - lingonberries and cloudberries. It is better to collect cranberries in the area of ​​​​the village of Kuloi - there is a swamp here. The berries are collected from July. Among the mushrooms you can find red caps (boletus). Here these mushrooms grow in huge quantities; locals only collect the caps and simply throw away the stems. You can also find chanterelles and boletus here.

Material on the topic: Mushrooms in the Moscow region in 2022: the best places and collection season

Vilegodsky district

Here local residents collect good harvests of blueberries, blueberries, and cloudberries. For them, it is better to go to the forests along the banks of the Nizhnyaya Lukya River. Also in this area of ​​the Arkhangelsk region, milk mushrooms and porcini mushrooms grow in abundance.

Vinogradovsky district

The berries are the same as in other areas of the region - blueberries, blueberries and others. There are especially many boletuses here; locals call them redheads. For them it is better to go to the vicinity of the village of Khalmino.

Verkhnetoyemsky district

The villages of Sosnovy and Timoshino stand out especially for their richness of forest products. Here you can collect boletus, honey mushrooms and chanterelles. Of course, there are also a lot of wild berries here.

Kargopolsky district

The most excellent places are located in the vicinity of the villages of Krechetovo, Tikhmange and Oshevskoye. It is better to go here to pick berries; compared to other areas, there are not many mushrooms here.

Krasnoborsky district

In 2022, especially many mushrooms are expected in the Cherevkovo, Permgorye, and Belosludsky areas. It is better to go for porcini mushrooms during the latter period.

Konosha district

Strawberries, blueberries, raspberries, lingonberries, cranberries, boletus, saffron milk caps. Klimovskoye is famous for its trumpets, Podyuga for porcini mushrooms, Konosha and Tavrenga for saffron milk caps

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Lensky district

Cloudberries, blueberries, lingonberries, cranberries, currants, strawberries, raspberries, whiteberries, redheads, milk mushrooms, trumpet mushrooms, wayfarers. Move towards the Svetinskoye swamp.

Leshukonsky district

Lingonberries, cloudberries, cranberries, blueberries, blueberries, boletus, boletus. More cloudberries are expected than usual. They are collected everywhere, near populated areas.

What mushrooms are called winter mushrooms

There are species that do not grow all winter, but only at the beginning of the season. For example, tinder fungi, autumn honey mushrooms and rows can be found only during the period of early frosts. Early winter mushrooms are afraid of thaws and lose their nutritional qualities when thawed, so they can be collected only before the first rise in temperature above 0 °C.

Picking mushrooms in winter is quite simple, since it is easier to notice the caps on trees or above white snow. Other types of winter mushrooms do not spoil during warming, but with the arrival of warm temperatures they begin to grow rapidly.