Royal champignons: how they differ from ordinary porcini mushrooms, mushrooms with a brown cap

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Kira Stoletova

There are many varieties of champignons, but the royal champignons are considered the most delicious and attractive. Unlike the usual white ones we are used to, they have a brown tint to the cap and are large in size. In addition, they last longer and have a rich aroma. Their taste is reminiscent of porcini mushroom.

Description of the royal champignon mushroom

Description of the mushroom

Royal champignons are characterized by a classic appearance of the fruiting body and have a hemispherical cap shape. The popularity of these mushrooms is somewhat less than that of ordinary champignons, but this does not prevent them from taking their place on supermarket shelves.

Royal champignons contain more than 20 amino acids. These mushrooms are a natural source of protein for vegetarians.

Appearance

The edges of the mushroom cap are folded inward, and its diameter is 10–15 cm. In nature, specimens can be found whose size reaches 30 cm. The surface of the cap can be fibrous and may also contain small scales.

The hymenophore of young fruiting bodies is covered with a dense film of a light shade. As the king mushroom develops, it opens up and forms a ring on the top of the stem.

Time and place of fruiting

Royal brown mushrooms grow in open areas (meadows, clearings, etc.). Most often, fruiting bodies are found in vegetable gardens, orchards, parks and along roads. They are often grown under artificial conditions (in greenhouses). This champignon is rarely found in forests and areas where little grass grows. This variety bears fruit from May to September.

How are they different from regular white ones?

Royal champignon may differ from ordinary champignon in the following characteristics:

• has a larger size;
• brown hat;
• the pulp is characterized by a pleasant mushroom aroma;
• the price is higher than regular ones;
• long fruiting period (3 months).

The best spring diet for girls from mushrooms

The good news for ladies is that one serving of champignons (4-5 medium-sized mushrooms) contains only 20-25 kcal and 0 g of fat. In addition, champignons contain nutrients, vitamins and trace elements (copper, B vitamins), antioxidants (selenium and ergothioneine) and amino acids. At the same time, white champignons contain a small amount of vitamin D, but it is very necessary for us, especially in spring.

We thank the National Mushroom Company Kashira for assistance in preparing the material, www.ngkk.ru

Cooking recommendations

Before preparing the fruiting bodies, they must be carefully prepared.

This process consists of several stages:

1. Rinse the mushrooms under running water. The most convenient way to do this is using a colander.
2. Clean the hat from dirt with a soft, damp sponge.
3. Remove the bottom of the leg.
4. Place the champignon parts on a paper towel to drain excess moisture.

There are a huge number of recipes that allow you to prepare delicious dishes with brown champignons. You can use an oven, grill or gas stove for this. The recipes have some differences, so you need to familiarize yourself with the cooking features in advance.

In the oven

Most recipes based on royal champignons involve using the oven . If you are going to cook stuffed mushrooms, then choose large fruiting bodies. Smaller ones are suitable for baking on skewers. They should be kept in the oven for no more than 30 minutes, otherwise the dish will turn out too dry.

To maintain the juiciness of the pulp, you need to use parchment paper or foil. If you are going to cook the caps separately, then place a small amount of butter in the middle. This will preserve the tenderness and softness of the mushroom.

In a frying pan

If the recipe does not indicate that you need to pre-cook the fruiting bodies, then it is better not to do this. There is no need to finely chop the mushrooms, since as a result of heat treatment the pieces will lose moisture and shrink. It is necessary to fry the fruiting bodies for no more than 15 minutes to preserve the taste.

To preserve the color of the mushrooms and avoid their darkening, you must use the following ingredients:

• lemon juice;
• butter.

It is better to fry mushrooms in vegetable oil to make the dish less high in calories and more healthy. Lemon juice should be poured over the fruiting bodies at the beginning of cooking, and butter should be added a few minutes before the end of cooking.

In the microwave

Most often, stuffed mushrooms or champignons with cheese are cooked in the microwave. Remember not to use metal utensils . This can not only spoil the taste of the mushroom dish, but also reduce the life of household appliances. Heat treatment should last no more than 5 minutes at high power. To preserve juiciness, use a baking sleeve.

Shelf life of peeled champignons in the refrigerator

The refrigerator saves us from the grueling daily preparation of food; it’s even difficult to imagine how women lived who were forced to prepare new food 3-4 times a day! It also extends the life of products and reduces the frequency of visits to stores.

So, you can store peeled mushrooms in the refrigerator:

• In an open container - no more than 3 days, taking into account the fact that without preservatives they will darken;
• Covered with cling film - no more than 6 days, taking into account the fact that on the 7th and subsequent days they will be dangerous to human life.

Do you want to store mushrooms longer? Put them in the freezer!

Description of the royal champignon mushroom

There are many varieties of champignons, but the royal champignons are considered the most delicious and attractive. Unlike the usual white ones we are used to, they have a brown tint to the cap and are large in size. In addition, they last longer and have a rich aroma. Their taste is reminiscent of porcini mushroom.

Description of the royal champignon mushroom

Interesting Facts

• Young champignons are more often eaten, they are more tasty and rich;
• this type of mushroom is used in cosmetology, masks and lotions are made from them for the face;
• Agaricus bisporus is used in medicine. It is especially useful for bronchitis;
• You can prepare many delicious and healthy dishes from champignons.
• The first representatives of the species were discovered more than 1000 years ago.

Royal champignons are one of the most popular and unique forest fruits. They have an exquisite taste, healing properties, pleasant smell and ease of preparation.

Information sources

1. Plant life: in 6 volumes / chapter. ed. Al. A. Fedorov. - M.: Education, 1976. - T. 2: Mushrooms / ed. M. V. Gorlenko.
2. Zerova M. Ya., Elin Yu. Ya., Koz'yakov S. M.
   Mushrooms: natural, mentally natural, unnatural, destructive. - Kiev: Harvest, 1979.

Appearance of the mushroom

The cap of the royal champignon, or as it is also called the bisporous or brown champignon, has a hemispherical shape with a characteristic small depression in the center, its edges with the remnants of the cover are folded inward. These mushrooms differ from ordinary ones in their light brown color and brown spots. There are artificially bred strains with smooth white and cream caps.

The diameter of the cap reaches 7-15 cm, sometimes 25-30 cm in diameter. The plates have a gray-pink color with a brownish tint. The spore powder is brown in color.

Irina Selyutina (Biologist):

Young specimens are characterized by the presence of a dense, light-colored veil covering the hymenophore plates. As the mushroom matures, it breaks and as a result a continuous ring is formed on the stem. The plates of the hymenophore are initially gray-pink and gradually become not just dark brown, but acquire a purple tint.

By the way. The royal champignon species is characterized by a long growth period - 2-3 months.

The leg has the shape of a cylinder, narrowed at the base, and is 2-3 cm wide and 4-8 cm long. It is smooth to the touch, its color matches the color of the cap.

The pulp is white, but turns pink when cut.

Distinctive features

Royal champignon is distinguished from ordinary champignon by the following characteristics:

• fruiting body size: royal is larger;
• mushroom cap color: brown;
• more intense smell and taste: when ripe, the cap opens completely and the moisture in the pulp decreases. As a result, a concentrated, and therefore rich, smell and taste appears;
• development time: 2-3 months, unlike the usual one, which develops in about 1 month.

Beneficial features

Royal champignon contains in its pulp many useful elements that have a positive effect on the body. Consumption of these mushrooms:

• speeds up the digestive tract;
• improves appetite;
• prevents the formation of blood clots;
• slows down the aging of the body;
• affects the heart and blood vessels, reducing the risk of heart attack;
• relieves inflammation;
• has an expectorant effect;
• optimizes brain function;
• removes toxins from the body.

Habitat

Royal boletus is most common in North America, including the states of California, Oregon, and Washington. Depending on the region, fruiting is rare or quite abundant.

In Eurasia, the mushroom is quite rare. In Russia, it is more common in the Caucasus, as well as in Transbaikalia and the Far East (less often). It can also be found in some regions of Ukraine, in particular in the Carpathian and Transcarpathian regions.

Prefers calcareous and sandy soils. Grows in small groups or singly.

Where does it grow

Royal boletus forms mycorrhiza (symbiosis with the roots of the plant) with deciduous trees, with preference for beech and oak.

Based on this, the royal boletus has become widespread in deciduous, mainly beech and oak, as well as mixed forests.

Contraindications

This species is classified as a heavy food due to the presence of chitin in the pulp. This substance is not absorbed by the body, so mushrooms are poorly digested. Therefore, you should not give these mushrooms to children under 12 years of age. It is advisable to eat royal champignon 3 times a week. You should stop using it if you have the following diseases:

• pancreatitis;
• ulcer;
• hepatitis;
• flatulence;
• stomach upset;
• cholecystitis;
• enterocolitis.

Like other species, royal champignons are mushrooms that actively absorb toxic substances from the soil, so you should not collect them near highways and industrial enterprises. It is better to buy artificially grown mushrooms.

Rules for collection and use

Mushrooms should be collected using a sharp knife, cutting them off at the base. This will preserve the integrity of the mycelium. When harvesting, it is necessary to give preference to young specimens, since their flesh is more tender and the mushroom smell is richer.

Important! You should not collect fruits near roads and near industrial enterprises, as they have the ability to accumulate toxins.

Before use, royal champignons must be thoroughly cleaned of grass and soil. Then remove the film covering the plate and the outer skin of the cap. Finally, wash the mushrooms.

Application

In cooking

Young mushrooms are very tasty

Young mushrooms are mainly used for food because they have a more delicate taste and pleasant smell.

Before you start cooking, the mushrooms are thoroughly cleaned of soil and washed. You should not leave them in water for a long time, because... they may lose their taste and aroma. When cleaning, cut off the film (private cover) that connects the stem and cap.

If the mushrooms are boiled in advance, they are added to the dish at the final stage of cooking. Large mushrooms are used for frying and baking, medium-sized ones are often left for fillings, and small ones are used for pickling.

Champignons can be eaten raw. They are added to a variety of salads or prepared into sauces. For a more pleasant taste, sprinkle them with a little lemon juice. To safely consume raw champignons, rinse them in running water and dry them, then cut them into thin slices. You should not store fresh chopped mushrooms for too long, as they lose their beneficial properties and taste.

Primary processing and storage

Whether mushrooms will bring maximum benefit depends on their proper processing and storage.

Treatment

Preparing mushrooms for consumption includes:

– cleaning of debris and peat;

– rinsing with running water (champignons do not like long water procedures);

- dry on a napkin.

Storage

Mushrooms can be stored in the refrigerator for about 5 days. They should be placed in a dark place - on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. The plastic container must be ventilated periodically to prevent condensation.

Sliced ​​brown mushrooms should be consumed within 1 day.

Boiled or fried specimens can be stored in the freezer for six months.

Growing methods

This species is also grown at home, but this is a labor-intensive process that requires a cool room with high humidity.

Irina Selyutina (Biologist):

Since champignons are not demanding on the amount of light during development, any premises (basements, barns, greenhouses) in which the air humidity is 60-90% are perfect for growing them. At the same time, it is important to take into account the year-round temperature indicators in them: if in winter it is at least +10℃, and in summer not higher than +20℃, then the room will be suitable for year-round cultivation of royal champignons. If these temperature conditions are not maintained, mushrooms can only be grown in them seasonally.

Compost made from wheat or rye (necessarily without traces of mold) and horse manure is used as a substrate. To grow you need the following:

• straw – 100 kg;
• urea – 2 kg;
• superphosphate – 2 kg;
• gypsum – 7 kg;
• chalk – 5 kg.

This amount is enough to prepare 300 kg of substrate. The straw is soaked in water for a day. Then they take it out and lay it in layers, alternating with manure (2-3 layers of both ingredients). Superphosphate is also mixed into the substrate. Then holes are made on the surface with a depth of about 7 cm. The holes should be in a checkerboard pattern, the distance between them is 25 cm.

A handful of mycelium is placed at a depth of 5-7 cm. They are sprinkled on top with a thin layer of substrate about 5 cm thick. The first harvest will appear in 4 months.

Growing at home and in the country

You can grow these fruits both at home, selecting a dark, ventilated corner for this, and at the dacha, setting aside a plot in a shaded place under the open sky. The main thing is to use the right technology in each case.

To grow in the countryside, you need compost. The first step in preparing the soil is to soak the dry straw (grass) in water. This process takes approximately four days.

Then you need to collect manure and lay it out in a layer with wet straw. Every four days, densely compacted layers must be shoveled. After 15–17 days, the compost is ready for sowing.

The next step is to transfer the prepared substrate into a container (for example, a wooden box). The layers need to be sprinkled with mycelium, then everything must be mixed and compacted. Then water it and take it to the darkest place in the area. After a couple of days, when a white network of mycelium appears, you can sprinkle a thin layer of a mixture of soil and peat (half and half) on top.

If all procedures are performed correctly, then on day 25–35 the heads of the first champignons will appear.

ATTENTION! The most important thing is to maintain high soil moisture throughout the entire growth of the crop!

In order to grow champignons at home, you will at least need a basement or cellar.

IMPORTANT!

The cleaner the conditions for cultivating mushrooms, the better! Try to reduce exposure to external factors as much as possible. It is also worth carrying out a total disinfection of the entire basement (whitewashing, fuming with a sulfur bomb, etc.).

You need to grow fruits in the same boxes and with the same soil as in the dacha method.
But it is worth noting that the cultivation method in the basement is more painstaking. The first condition is good ventilation. Decomposing compost releases a large amount of carbon dioxide, which royal champignons really don’t like. If necessary, you will have to buy a filter to clean the air.

The second is lighting. Many people think that special lighting is needed to grow champignons optimally, but this is not true. Light does not play a big role in this process.

Third - temperature and humidity. In summer, the required level of heat can be adjusted using ventilation. But to maintain high humidity, you need to periodically spray the contents of the boxes. It is better to purchase instruments for accurately measuring all indicators, because the future harvest will depend on this.

IMPORTANT! The optimal air temperature for growing royal champignons is +23 degrees.

Royal champignons: how they differ from ordinary ones, description and photo

• Division: Basidiomycota (Basidiomycetes)
• Subdivision: Agaricomycotina (Agaricomycetes)
• Class: Agaricomycetes (Agaricomycetes)
• Subclass: Agaricomycetidae (Agaricomycetes)
• Order: Agaricales (Agaric or Lamellar)
• Family: Agaricaceae (Champignonaceae)
• Genus: Agaricus (Champignon)
• Species: Agaricus bisporus (Champignon)

Royal champignons are one of the varieties of the large Champignon family. These mushrooms belong to the Lamellar category; they are humic saprotrophs. Another name for the species is two-spored, royal, brown champignon. In official sources it is found as Agaricus bisporus.

In cooking

Royal boletus is highly valued and is very popular in cooking. Considered a delicacy. Just like porcini mushroom, it can be eaten not only cooked, but also raw, for example, in salads.

Belongs to the I, highest category of nutritional value. It has a soft, rich, pleasant taste and a pronounced mushroom aroma. The pulp is thick, fleshy, dense, elastic. Even in adulthood, there are no voids or cavities in the fruiting bodies. During cooking, it retains its shape and texture well and does not fall apart.

The mushroom is universal and you don’t have to think about how to cook the royal boletus; it is suitable for all types of processing - it is boiled, fried, stewed. It reveals its taste well, both as an independent dish and as part of other ingredients. It goes well with both meat and various vegetables, including potatoes, cereals, and pasta.

Based on this, there are many different recipes for royal boletus.

Information! Royal boletus is a low-calorie product. The calorie content of the mushroom is 34 kcal per 100 g. product.

What do royal champignon mushrooms look like?

The fruit body shape of this species is classic. As can be seen in the photo, the two-spore champignon has a hemispherical cap shape. It is slightly depressed, and the edges are turned inward. Its diameter reaches 7-15 cm, but there are also giant specimens - 25-30 cm. There are remains of a bedspread along the edge. The surface of the cap is finely scaly or fibrous.

The flesh of royal champignons is dense, fleshy, with a pleasant mushroom smell. Its hue is whitish, but when cut, a slight pinkish tint appears.

How to use

In cooking

Royal mushrooms are also well used in cooking. Lots of options:

• fry;
• cook;
• put out;
• bake;
• pickle or pickle and so on.

It is recommended not to keep them in liquid for long as this may have a bad effect on the taste. The film must be removed.

Young mushrooms have a more pleasant taste and soft flesh. They are great for pickling and canning. It is better to cook adult specimens at high temperatures - fry, stew or bake.

Royal champignons can even be eaten raw. However, for this you need to select only fresh young mushrooms.

They can be stored raw or cooked, but not for very long. To avoid weathering, it is better to put them in a container or bag. We talked in more detail about storing champignons here.

In medicine

Diabetic patients eat king mushrooms to lower blood sugar levels. They also help reduce cholesterol. This type contains fats and carbohydrates in small quantities, so nutritionists often prescribe them for weight loss.

Traditional treatment is also not complete without mushrooms - it is a good expectorant that helps with lung diseases . They contain riboflavin and thiamine, which relieve headaches.

Where do brown mushrooms grow?

This species prefers to grow in open clearings directly on the soil. It can be found in gardens, vegetable gardens, park areas, ditches, greenhouses and on the side of roads. In areas where there is little grass, this variety practically does not grow. It is also rarely found in the forest.

The representative is distributed in many countries of the world and is cultivated artificially on an industrial scale. If desired, you can grow royal champignons yourself, creating favorable conditions for their growth.

When and how to collect?

When collecting, you should be extremely careful, because among the horned ones there are many poisonous look-alikes. Edible corals are collected and prepared from August to September inclusive. During this period, they can be found in the undergrowth in single “bushes” or groups of several hornets. And in the southern part of the country they are collected even in winter.

There are several rules that should be followed when collecting yellow ramaria:

1. Old mushrooms should not be cut off, because they have a bitter taste. Only young cattails are collected.
2. It is better to avoid suspicious corals, especially those that grow on stumps. Outwardly they look like cattails, but are actually poisonous. The conditionally edible Calocera adhesive also lives on dead wood and stumps.
3. If the coral grows near the road, it is better to leave it. He, like most representatives of the mushroom world, is capable of absorbing exhaust gases, dust and other harmful substances. It is advisable to collect mushrooms in environmentally friendly places.

Advice!

A package or bag is not suitable for mushroom hunting, because during transportation the harvest will turn into one sticky mass. It is better to take a wicker basket with you, which will perfectly preserve the attractive appearance of the mushrooms.

Is it possible to eat champignons with a brown cap?

The two-spore champignon is classified as an edible species. Its taste is significantly higher than that of other relatives of this family. Therefore, it is classified in the second category.

Positive properties of the mushroom:

• improves the functioning of the digestive system;
• has a beneficial effect on brain activity;
• reduces the likelihood of blood clots;
• slows down the aging process;
• removes toxins from the body.

Royal champignons are characterized by a high content of chitin in the pulp, which makes the product difficult to digest. Therefore, it is not recommended to give royal champignons to children under 12 years of age, and they should not be consumed by people suffering from chronic diseases of the digestive system.

Mushroom beef stroganoff with sour cream

Creamy Mushroom Beef Stroganoff is an amazingly delicious comfort food that is completely vegetarian.

Plus, this dish takes only 20 minutes to prepare.

What ingredients will you need?

For this hearty vegetarian dish you need:

• 1 tbsp. l. olive oil;
• 2 tbsp. l. unsalted butter;
• half an onion, very finely chopped;
• 700 g royal champignons, diced;
• 300 g shiitake mushrooms, sliced;
• salt;
• black pepper;
• 6 cloves of garlic, minced through a garlic press;
• 0.5 tbsp. white wine;
• 30 g flour;
• 1.75 tbsp. mushroom broth (or chicken, or vegetable);
• a pinch of white pepper and nutmeg;
• 0.25 tbsp. sour cream;
• 1 tsp each chopped parsley and fresh thyme leaves;

Step-by-step cooking process

To prepare vegetarian beef stroganoff, you will need to follow these steps:

1. Place a large, thick-bottomed frying pan over medium heat and add a mixture of two oils, add finely chopped onion and cook for 30 seconds to 1 minute to soften, then add chopped mushrooms.
2. Next, you need to pepper and salt the contents of the frying pan and fry for 12 minutes, allowing the mushrooms to release their liquid and begin to brown a little.
3. Then you should add the garlic and mix everything well, pour in the white wine and leave on low heat for about 1 minute, add the flour and stir vigorously, and then pour in the mushroom broth, whisking or stirring constantly to avoid the formation of lumps.
4. At this step, you need to turn down the heat and let the mixture cook at a low simmer for another 2-3 minutes. for thickening.
5. Then you need to turn off the burner and sprinkle with pinches of white pepper and nutmeg, add sour cream and stir, sprinkle with pepper and thyme.
6. To serve, add pasta or egg noodles to the mushroom stroganoff and mix.

Royal mushrooms have a meaty texture that suits many dishes. However, cooking these mushrooms is not possible in all ways.

Regarding the preparation of royal champignons, there are the following tips and recommendations:

• When stored for a long time, royal champignons become softer, and their legs become covered with dark spots. This is due to the fact that choline accumulates in them, which can cause harm. Therefore, it is necessary to choose mushrooms that look firm and are not wrinkled or slippery.
• If mushrooms are contaminated, under no circumstances should they be immersed in water or rinsed abundantly. They will absorb the liquid like a sponge and literally turn into a slimy mass.
• Instead of rinsing, remove dirt from the surface of the king mushrooms using a damp cloth, rag or thick paper towel. It is necessary to carefully wipe the royal champignons, trying not to press too hard. After cleaning, you should rub them with a dry cloth or paper towel to dry them so they don't get too wet.
• The stems of large king mushrooms are theoretically edible, but in fact they can be very tough and fibrous. Therefore, it is recommended to cut and discard them at the mushroom preparation stage. The only successful use of the legs may be to flavor broths.
• On the inside of the caps, king mushrooms have large plates that can sometimes release dark liquid when cooked. This causes the whole dish to turn a dirty brown color. To avoid this undesirable effect, you can cut off the plates of the largest mushrooms in advance. The easiest way is to use a teaspoon for this purpose.
• For grilling, barbecuing, and pan-searing, choose mushrooms that are the same size and shape so that they cook at the same speed.
• To bake mushrooms, you need a baking sheet with high edges, since a lot of liquid can leak out.
• You can prepare various dishes from royal champignons with any herbs - both classic parsley and green onions, dill, thyme or basil. They go well with all types of greens.

False look-alikes of brown king mushrooms

In terms of its external characteristics, this species is similar to the yellow-skinned champignon (Agaricus xanthodermus). Therefore, you need to learn to distinguish it from its poisonous relative, so as not to cause harm to health.

A characteristic feature of the double is the dark circle in the center of the cap, which clearly stands out against the background of the main tone. In addition, when pressed, the flesh turns yellow, and then turns orange and only subsequently brown.

When broken, the flesh of the false champignon emits a strong smell of disinfectant. Also, during cooking, the liquid turns yellow.

The fruiting period of yellow-skinned champignons begins in mid-July. They can be found in deciduous forests and mixed plantings, as well as in a park or garden.

Where to find

It should be clarified that royal honey mushrooms grow on old stumps and damaged tree trunks. They are also often found near the roots of dead trees. Fruiting of this variety of mushrooms occurs from August to October. Mushroom pickers living in Primorye collect royal honey mushrooms from May to September.

Golden scales often live on willow or alder, but in some cases they can also be found on birch trees. They are found a little less frequently on coniferous trees. Even experienced mushroom pickers can sometimes confuse royal mushrooms with false mushrooms.

It was already mentioned above that royal scales can be eaten. But before you cook royal honey mushrooms, they must be boiled for twenty to thirty minutes in lightly salted water. Due to the fact that this type of honey mushrooms is characterized by excellent taste, they are often added to salads, snacks and various dishes. Especially harmoniously, from the point of view of taste, flakes are combined with boiled or fried potatoes. In addition, they are prepared for the winter: salted, dried, pickled and frozen.

In rare cases, honey mushrooms are found in spruce and pine forests. The scale found in deciduous trees differs from the fruits growing in coniferous forests. The most important difference is that “pine” honey mushrooms have a bitter aftertaste and a darker cap. Royal honey mushrooms contain many of the following vitamins:

• E;
• RR;
• WITH;
• phosphorus;
• calcium.

In addition, these mushrooms are considered low-calorie, since one hundred grams of golden flake contains only 20-22 calories

Therefore, those who want to lose weight or vegetarians should pay attention to this product.

Growing Brown King Champignons

Anyone can grow brown-capped champignons at home. But this process is long, labor-intensive and requires certain knowledge.

To do this you will need:

• cool room;
• high humidity;
• high-quality mycelium;
• special substrate.

To prepare nutritious soil, you need to stock up on wheat or rye compost and horse manure.

To prepare about 300 kg of substrate you need to combine:

• 150 kg of straw;
• 150 kg of humus;
• 2 kg of urea;
• 7 kg of gypsum;
• 5 kg chalk;
• 2 kg of superphosphate.

Before laying, the straw should be soaked in water for 24 hours. After this, lay it in layers, alternating with manure, and also alternately add other components.

The mycelium should be spread out in handfuls to a depth of 5-7 cm in a checkerboard pattern. The distance between the holes should be within 25 cm. Cover the top with a layer of substrate 5 cm thick. The first harvest can be harvested in four months.

Composition of royal mushrooms

We will begin to review the chemical composition with the mineral content per 100 grams (values ​​in grams):

• 0.0008 iron
• 0.045 phosphorus
• 0.4 potassium
• 0.005 sodium
• 0.02 magnesium
• 0.005 calcium

This is not a complete composition, it also contains nicotinic and folic acids and many vitamins per 100 grams (values ​​in grams):

• Vitamin "E" 0.0001
• Vitamin "PP" 0.0107
• Vitamin B3 0.0103
• Vitamin B2 0.00038
• Vitamin B1 0.02 grams
• Vitamin C"

For people who are losing weight, this will be an ideal product with a negligible calorie content - only 22 kcal and (values ​​in grams):

• 1.2 fat
• 0.5 carbs
• 2.2 proteins
• 1 ash
• 89.1 water
• 5.1 dietary fiber
• 0.5 mono and disaccharides

Amino acids contained in the composition per 100 grams (values ​​in grams):

• Glutamic acid 0.343
• Aspartic acid 0.195
• Alanine 0.199
• Valine 0.232
• Lysine 0.107
• Leucine 0.12
• Threonine 0.107

Differences from poisonous mushrooms

Caesar's mushroom has a number of differences from its relatives. Its cap is smooth, while the fly agaric has characteristic warty white growths. In addition, to distinguish between these types, you need to pay attention to the color of the plates. In a poisonous mushroom they are white, while in an edible one they are yellow.

The fly agaric Caesar mushroom, even after ripening, has a well-defined volva, while in the poisonous species this part of the fruit almost disappears. In its place, only the rings at the very base of the leg are preserved.

The edible royal mushroom is distinguished by yellow plates

In the ovoid form, you can distinguish between the edible mushroom and the toadstool only by cutting the cap. An unripe edible fruit will have a distinctly yellow cap. In the pale grebe it is white with a greenish tint.