Blue-green fiberglass: properties, dangers and precautions

Blue-green fiberweed (Inocybe aeruginascens) is one of the representatives of an extensive genus of fungi, which has more than 100 species. The danger of which lies in their high toxicity, widespread distribution and similarity to edible mushrooms.

Many people like to pick mushrooms, but not everyone knows about the dangers of some of them. The article describes all the features of recognizing mushrooms and the features of their effect on the body. As well as necessary actions in emergency cases. Little things to pay attention to can save lives.

Unusual properties of ordinary mushrooms

Inocybe aeruginascens, a member of the family, which, depending on the method of consumption, can be both a source of nutrition and a guide to the world of euphoria. This mushroom has a pronounced hallucinogenic property due to the content of psilocybin and tryptophan. Toxicity to the nervous system makes it dangerous.

The level of alertness of mushroom pickers should increase, since in appearance many of the fibers are similar to edible mushrooms: champignons, May mushrooms and russula.

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Agaricus aurivenius Batsch, 1786
Agaricus curreyi Berk., 1860
Agaricus fastigiatus Schaeff., 1774
Agaricus injunctus Britzelm., 1883
Agaricus perlatus Cooke, 1886
Agaricus rimosus Bull., 1789 : Fr., 1821basionym
Agaricus schistus Cooke & WGSm., 1886
Agaricus servatus Britzelm., 1885
Gymnopus rimosus (Bull.) Gray, 1821
Inocybe aurivenia (Batsch) Bres., 1930
Inocybe brunnea Quél., 1880
Inocybe conica P.Larsen, 1931
Inocybe curreyi (Berk.) Sacc., 1887
Inocybe fastigiata (Schaeff.) Quél., 1872
Inocybe fastigiata f. umbrinella (Bres.) Nespiak, 1990
Inocybe fastigiata subsp. umbrinella (Bres.) Dermek & J. Veselský, 1977
Inocybe fastigiata var. umbrinella (Bres.) R.Heim, 1931
Inocybe holoxantha Grund & DEStuntz, 1981
Inocybe infracta Velen., 1920
Inocybe laeta Alessio, 1979
Inocybe nana FHMøller, 1945
Inocybe obsoleta Romagn., 1958
Inocybe orbata Malencon, 1970
Inocybe perlata (Cooke) Sacc., 1887
Inocybe pseudocookei Métrod ex Bon, 1996
Inocybe pseudofastigiata Rea, 1927
Inocybe pusilla FHMøller, 1945
Inocybe umbrinella Bres., 1905

Habitat and seasonality

Despite the interesting properties of this mushroom, you can find it quite often. Like most representatives, this species prefers a moist and warm environment. Nevertheless, they are quite unpretentious in the choice of soil: fibergrass is suitable for both chernozem and sandy soil, and can simply grow on sand.

In deciduous forests it can be found next to oak, willow, birch, and poplars, since it is with these trees that the fiber forms mycorrhiza.

You can meet inociib from June to October. And you can find it not only in the forest, but also in parks, gardens, and also along roads. For this reason, they are often discovered by small children or dogs on a walk. So precautions should be taken not only when specifically collecting mushrooms.

Literature

"Funghi", - Instituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, Italy, 1997
Pamela North "Poisonous Plants and Fungi in colour" - Blandford Press & Pharmacological Society of Great Britain, 1967
R. Courtecuisse & B. Duhem. "Mushrooms & Toadstools of Britain & Europe"
"Mushrooms. big encyclopedia." Reader's Digest, 2005
G. and R. Grunert “Mushrooms”, trans. from German, AST; Astrel, M., 2001
Sergeeva M. N. “Mushrooms”, Moscow, Publishing House “Culture and Traditions”, 2003
ISBN 5-86444-080-9

Appearance and distinctive features

The color of the blue-green inocybe does not coincide with its name, its color ranges from ocher-yellow to whitish, and it received its name due to the characteristics of the stalk.

The fiber has a round fleshy cap 2-5 cm in diameter. It changes its shape during the growth of the terrestrial body. At first the cap is sharp, and then gradually opens up, becoming cone-shaped or flat. But there is always a small bump in the middle of the cap. Small scales may be present on the surface of the mushroom, and the edges of the cap in mature specimens often appear torn and turned outward.

The length of the leg is from 3 to 7 cm. It has a fibrous structure, creamy white and cylindrical in shape. The base of the leg is usually blue with a greenish tint. The flesh also has a bluish tint at the bottom of the stem.

The mushroom context does not change color much when cut, but may take on a slightly pinkish tint. The smell when cut is described as soapy, fruity or floral.

general description

All representatives of the genus Fibers are represented by hat-footed bodies. The shape of the caps is divided into conical and bell-shaped. In the center of the cap of most species there is a small hill in the form of a tubercle. The surface is fibrous and smooth to the touch. Some species may have small flakes on the cap. The leg has a silky texture. There may also be scales on the skin of the leg. Color varies from white to brown.

Danger and features of use

There are 2 uses of Inocybe aeruginascens.

When consuming dried mushrooms, you can get a hallucinogenic effect. The psilocycin content in the blue-green representative of the species is almost the same as in the Mexican hallucinogen Psilocybe mexicana. The toxic effect caused by the presence of psychotropic compounds causes disturbances in the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Despite the fact that physical dependence does not occur, there is a pronounced effect of mental dependence.

In addition to the psychotropic effect, there is a disturbance of the nervous system in the form of cardiac arrhythmia, fluctuations in blood pressure, nausea and vomiting, and impaired coordination of movements.

To avoid poisoning, mushrooms should be boiled before any cooking method. But even observing this rule, one must distinguish this psychotropic species from its relatives, which contain muscarine. Muscarine is not destroyed by heat treatment and can cause serious poisoning.

Chemical composition

The pulp of the fiber contains many neurotoxic substances - muscarine and psilocybin. In different types of fiber, the ratio of these two substances differs significantly. Thus, the maximum amount of muscarine is contained in Patouillard fiber, and the highest content of psilocybin is noted in the bluish-green form.

Alkaloid muscarine

A toxic substance - the alkaloid muscarine - in the human body is capable of stimulating a group of cholinergic receptors that are located in the membranes of postganglionic (post-nodal) nerves. These receptors are called M receptors, that is, muscarinic. Binding with these receptors explains the powerful neurotoxic effect of muscarine, as a result of which a spasm of the smooth muscles of the walls of internal organs occurs, the lumens of peripheral vessels expand, the heart rate slows down and the secretory functions of the glands increase.

By binding to M-receptors, muscarine stimulates spastic contraction of the smooth muscle layer of the walls of the digestive system. Acceleration of intestinal motility leads to severe abdominal pain and diarrhea. As a result of strong contractions of the stomach walls, vomiting occurs.

In addition to spasm of the smooth muscles of the digestive system, muscarine causes contraction of the smooth muscle layers of the gallbladder, spleen, uterus, bladder, bronchi, salivary and sweat glands, and lacrimal sacs.

The poisonous alkaloid causes a sharp reduction in the pupil, resulting in a spasm of accommodation. Large doses of muscarine cause cardiac arrest in diastole, that is, at the moment of relaxation.

Hallucinogen psilocybin

Psilocybin is a psychedelic (hallucinogenic) substance. The chemical formula of this compound is similar to the serotonin molecule, which is responsible for the transmission of nerve impulses at synapses. By blocking serotonin receptors, psilocybin causes a feeling of euphoria, visual and auditory hallucinations. Under its influence, a person loses the sense of time. Due to such psychotropic effects, mushrooms containing this hallucinogen have long been used in ritual practices.

In addition to psychotropic effects, psilocybin exhibits other properties:

dilates the pupils;
causes cardiac arrhythmias and blood pressure instability;
increases the amplitude of the knee reflex;
provokes a gag reflex;
disrupts coordination of movements.

Repeated use of psilocybin increases the body's tolerance to this substance, causing addiction to it. The high content of this substance in mushrooms is indirectly indicated by the bluish color of their pulp, which occurs as a result of the oxidation of phenols.

Deadly members of the family

If Inocybe aeruginascens has only a neurotropic effect, then its fellows can harm health much more. High levels of muscarine can be fatal as the autonomic nervous system is affected.

This section of the nervous system is responsible for all vital functions: heartbeat, breathing, activity of internal organs, vascular tone. The functions that support the vital activity of the entire organism are disrupted.

Muscarine-containing types of fibers.

Patouillard fiberglass

It lives in coniferous forests and bears fruit from May to October. Selects clay soil and often grows in groups.

It has the highest muscarine content, and a fatal effect can occur when 10 grams of the product are consumed. Poisoning in a milder form can occur even by inhaling spores.

When cut, the flesh of a young mushroom changes color to red. Mature forms are initially reddish-brown in color. There is no smell, but there is a characteristic peppery taste.

Fiber fiber earthen

The smallest representative of fibers.

Features a thin stem. The appearance of the cap also changes depending on the maturity of the mushroom: from elongated to cone-shaped, but the plates are thinner and more fragile than those of the blue-green inocybe, and the edges of the cap separate into fibers and become like rags. The surface of Inocybe geophylla may have a slight purple tint.

You can recognize a mushroom by its unpleasant smell. When it rains, Inocybe geophylla is covered with mucus, while in sunny weather the surface is dry and rough.

Ripens from July to September.

Fiber fiber

Found from July to October. The pulp has an unpleasant odor and no taste. One of the names of this species is fissured fiber, since a significant number of cracks can be found on the surface of the cap. The stem may have the appearance of a tuber, which is almost never found in mushrooms of this genus. It grows solitarily in both deciduous and coniferous forests.

Literature

"Funghi", - Instituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, Italy, 1997
Pamela North "Poisonous Plants and Fungi in colour" - Blandford Press & Pharmacological Society of Great Britain, 1967
R. Courtecuisse & B. Duhem. "Mushrooms & Toadstools of Britain & Europe"
"Mushrooms. big encyclopedia." Reader's Digest, 2005
G. and R. Grunert “Mushrooms”, trans. from German, AST; Astrel, M., 2001
Sergeeva M. N. “Mushrooms”, Moscow, Publishing House “Culture and Traditions”, 2003
ISBN 5-86444-080-9

Poisoning, first aid.

The effect of muscarine occurs in the first 10-20 minutes. The substance binds to cell receptors, producing a toxic effect. For characteristic poisoning there is a definition “muscarinic syndrome”, which clearly describes the clinic:

Increased salivation
Intestinal spasms with severe pain
Vomiting that does not bring relief
Constriction of the pupil and impaired accommodation, manifested in visual impairment.
Bronchial spasm and difficulty breathing.
Bradycardia followed by cardiac arrest
Convulsions
Facial redness

The only treatment in this situation is the administration of atropine. Therefore, if such symptoms occur after eating mushrooms, you should call for medical help.

Before doctors administer the antidote, it is necessary to stop the flow of poison from the stomach. To do this, it will be enough to rinse the gastrointestinal tract from food debris and take any available sorbents.

Signs of intoxication

The first symptoms of muscarine poisoning after entering the stomach appear very quickly - within 15-20 minutes.

Their severity depends on the amount of poison consumed.

First, bitterness appears in the mouth, then severe pain in the abdomen, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
Later, increased salivation and increased sweating are noted.
Choking, heart palpitations, decreased blood pressure.
A person's pupils narrow and vision deteriorates, often seeing double.
At the last stage, convulsions may develop.

In the absence of timely assistance, cardiac arrest occurs.

Results

Mushroom picking is a pleasant pastime for the whole family or a way to be alone with yourself and nature. In order for such leisure to bring only positive emotions and results, you need to be careful about what exactly goes into the basket. Before you start searching on your own, you should borrow experience from knowledgeable mushroom pickers. You can explore the world of mushrooms on your own, but you should pay special attention to the structure, area of distribution and seasonality of each species.

Considering the vast range of poisonous fibers and their ability to disguise themselves as edible, it is better to follow the rule “If in doubt, throw it away.” Moreover, if an inedible mushroom gets into a common container, then you will have to get rid of the entire crop. The toxicity of the spores and the body is equivalent. The main thing to remember is that caution and attentiveness mean the safety of the mushroom picker.

Characteristic differences

In order to confuse an edible mushroom with poisonous fibers, you need to remember a number of signs:

Young fibers have a cone-shaped cap; in adults, it takes on the shape of a bell or becomes flat. All have a pronounced bump in the center;
Colors may vary. The most common caps are yellow-brown, dirty yellow and pale gray;
The pulp may be translucent;
The edges are ragged and in some species may have a scaly texture;
The stalk is fibrous, cylindrical in shape, widening towards the base.

It is important to be very careful not to accidentally take fiber with you. Poisoning by these varieties of mushrooms is extremely dangerous.

Kandiru

Kandiru is one of the most feared vampire animals. Its only habitats are the Amazon and Orinoco. Nicknamed the “Brazilian vampire,” this small catfish, no larger than a matchstick, primarily parasitizes other fish. The candiru feeds from blood vessels in the gills. About 30-150 seconds are enough for him to satisfy his hunger. After which he leaves his victim.

Local residents are afraid of this fish because it can swim into the anus, vagina or penis of a naked person all the way to the bladder. It feeds on blood and surrounding tissues, which can cause severe pain. Infection in humans is extremely rare. For many centuries, scientists were confident that such cases were impossible. But Brazilian surgeons finally tested it in 1997, finding a dead candiru in the victim's urethra. They removed the vampire, and the patient reportedly made a full recovery.

Earthworms

Earthworms are the main soil formers that contribute to soil aeration and moisture.

They feed on plant remains, but pose some danger to immature garden and flower crops. Actively moving in the ground, worms can damage thin roots and cause plants to dry out. Indoor flowers can suffer the most from worms.

It is almost impossible to fight these insects in open ground. But it’s quite easy to protect indoor flowers from their effects. To do this, place the pot in a bowl of water for eight minutes. The worms begin to choke and crawl out on their own.

https://youtube.com/watch?v=eTnKl2-VN-g

Literature

"Funghi", - Instituto Geografico De Agostini, Novara, Italy, 1997
Pamela North "Poisonous Plants and Fungi in colour" - Blandford Press & Pharmacological Society of Great Britain, 1967
R. Courtecuisse & B. Duhem. "Mushrooms & Toadstools of Britain & Europe"
"Mushrooms. big encyclopedia." Reader's Digest, 2005
G. and R. Grunert “Mushrooms”, trans. from German, AST; Astrel, M., 2001
Sergeeva M. N. “Mushrooms”, Moscow, Publishing House “Culture and Traditions”, 2003
ISBN 5-86444-080-9

What does it look like, where does it grow, edibility, how to distinguish it, photo

Acute fiber: description and photo

Fiberwort is a member of the Fiberwort family, genus Fiberwort. This mushroom is often confused with sulfur row or honey mushrooms; it is also called torn or torn fiber. Consumption of this specimen accidentally can cause a lot of trouble for a person, because it is considered a poisonous hallucinogenic mushroom.

What does sharp fiber look like?

Analyzing the variety has the following characteristics:

The cap of a young specimen is bell-shaped, over a period of time it becomes flat-convex with a sharp tubercle in the very center. Its size can vary from 2 to 8 cm in diameter. Basically, the edges are torn, in fact, this is why it acquired a suitable second name. With age it completely cracks. The surface is silky-fibrous brown in color with a darkened tubercle in the middle.
Under the cap there are permanent, wide and stem-free plates. At a young age they are light gray or yellowish in color, after which they gradually acquire a more saturated dark brown hue.
The pulp of the spicy fiber is yellow-pale or white; when cut, its own color does not change. It has an unpleasant taste and aroma.
The leg is cylindrical in shape with a slightly widened base, its length is 2-4 cm, and its thickness is 0.2-0.4 cm. The upper part is light with a powdery coating, and below it acquires a red-brown tint. At the very base it is slightly expanded.
The spores are smooth, angular in shape. The spore powder is colored brown-tobacco.

Where does acute fiber grow?

Acute fiber is popular in Eastern Siberia and Europe. It is found in deciduous and coniferous forests among sphagnum mosses, in swamps, and can also hide in the grass along roads. The ideal time for development is considered to be the period from late June to October.

Is it possible to have acute fiber

This mushroom is classified as inedible. It is listed as dangerous in certain reference books. Consumption of food can cause a hallucinogenic state similar to intoxication. In most cases, it causes addiction, because this component has a narcotic effect on the body. Spicy fiber has no culinary value, which is why it is not collected. It must also be said that heat treatment is not capable of destroying the toxic substances found in the mushroom.

Similar species

Basically, in the wilderness of the forest there are a large number of very different mushrooms, which, according to specific characteristics, are similar to the acute fibre. Professionals identify the following doubles:

Gray row - has a cone-shaped pointed cap with cracks on the surface, similar to the species in question. However, the leg of the first one is much larger and besides, it exudes a pleasant powdery smell. considered edible.

Honey mushrooms - these small mushrooms are very similar in shape and color palette to the acute fibre. The main difference between the first option and the second is the ring on the leg. Moreover, honey mushrooms always grow in large groups. They are classified as edible mushrooms.

The bristle-footed garlic is an inedible mushroom. Outwardly, it resembles acute fiber, but the former has a much smaller fruiting body; the cap can reach no more than 1 cm in diameter.

Symptoms of poisoning

Within the first 30 minutes after eating spicy fiber, a person may experience the following initial signs of poisoning:

severe abdominal pain;
diarrhea;
very high sweating and salivation;
vomit;
cardiopalmus;
breathing disorder.

Having reached the highest level, all symptoms begin to gradually decrease and should completely disappear within 24 hours. In case of severe poisoning with this element, there is a risk of cardiac arrest and pulmonary edema, which can subsequently lead to death.

First aid for poisoning

Of course, it is hardly possible to do without medical help, however, pre-medical measures must be carried out on your own. The main goal is to remove the poison from the body and reduce the concentration in the blood. To do this, the victim should take adsorbents and wash the stomach with a significant volume of water.

Conclusion

Fiber is an unsafe mushroom; consumption of it as food can cause a lot of trouble for a person. If you get into the middle, the victim should be given first aid, and then urgently hospitalized for the necessary treatment. To avoid unpleasant circumstances, the mushroom picker needs to be very careful when choosing forest products and study the distinctive features of each specimen in much more detail.

Geography of distribution

Common puffball is the most common species among the entire genus, numbering more than 60 species. On the territory of Russia it is found in the European part, in the North Caucasus regions and in the Far Eastern regions. Grows in small colonies and singly. Able to tolerate prolonged drought.

The mushroom grows in small colonies

It prefers soil and rotted wood as a habitat, choosing illuminated areas in forests (places where deciduous and coniferous trees grow), meadows, fields and forest edges. Distributed on heathlands depleted of potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus, near road surfaces and near young plantings. Selects dry sandstones and pebbly soils, grows among mosses and rare grasses.

Advice. If you have never collected raincoats before, it is better not to risk it and not touch the mushrooms:

growing in nests;
equipped with long false legs;
with obvious yellow or brown skin, which is also covered with rough growths and noticeable cracks;
having an unpleasant odor.

Taxonomy[ | ]

Synonyms[ | ]

Agaricus aurivenius Batsch, 1786
Agaricus curreyi Berk., 1860
Agaricus fastigiatus Schaeff., 1774
Agaricus injunctus Britzelm., 1883
Agaricus perlatus Cooke, 1886
Agaricus rimosus Bull., 1789 : Fr., 1821basionym
Agaricus schistus Cooke & WGSm., 1886
Agaricus servatus Britzelm., 1885
Gymnopus rimosus (Bull.) Gray, 1821
Inocybe aurivenia (Batsch) Bres., 1930
Inocybe brunnea Quél., 1880
Inocybe conica P.Larsen, 1931
Inocybe curreyi (Berk.) Sacc., 1887
Inocybe fastigiata (Schaeff.) Quél., 1872
Inocybe fastigiata f. umbrinella (Bres.) Nespiak, 1990
Inocybe fastigiata subsp. umbrinella (Bres.) Dermek & J. Veselský, 1977
Inocybe fastigiata var. umbrinella (Bres.) R.Heim, 1931
Inocybe holoxantha Grund & DEStuntz, 1981
Inocybe infracta Velen., 1920
Inocybe laeta Alessio, 1979
Inocybe nana FHMøller, 1945
Inocybe obsoleta Romagn., 1958
Inocybe orbata Malencon, 1970
Inocybe perlata (Cooke) Sacc., 1887
Inocybe pseudocookei Métrod ex Bon, 1996
Inocybe pseudofastigiata Rea, 1927
Inocybe pusilla FHMøller, 1945
Inocybe umbrinella Bres., 1905

All words (anagrams) that can be made from the word "reddened fiber"

Word search

Make up words

Words from the word "reddening fiber"

In total, you can make 1,312 noun words from 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 letters.

2 letter words made from reddening fiber:

3 letter words made from Fiber reddening (83 words):

ail
calamus
acre
arch
ask
wack
shaft
var
century
weight
vir
vis
ox
thief
Eve
era
willow
X
inc.
iol
and he
lawsuit
feces
kan
car
ken
keel
kin
cove
cook
count
con
varnish
lan
lar
a lion
lek
linen
forest
bream
lei
Liv
face
fox
fishing
ENT
Luke
liang
cash
nar
Naya
nok
nose
eye
she
ors
wasp
osk
cancer
roar
Rhea
rice
ditch
rock
roll
sak
san
sitting down
this
Sep
this
sire
juice
dream
rubbish
soybeans
sur
cycle
spinning top
Yura
jarl
xi
UN

Anagrams. 4 letter words made from reddening fiber:

avar
anise
Anna
arak
Ares
aryl
aria
arch
Ajax
warer
Vara
cook
eyelid
vein
vein
faith
verk
Vika
guilt
wine
vira
Vitsa
Vlas
into the nose
warrior
wolf
will
won
pile
wax
Christmas tree
Eric
Ivka
yen
Icarus
ikos
caviar
other
other
Enoch
caique
Cain
punishment
skiff
musher
kayak
kvass
cake
core
kiek
Kika
Kix
clubroot
kitty
clan
bite
maple
Claire
mite
cry
wedge
clergy
shred
clone
beak
coir
coca
coke
cola
bark
corn
braid
tap
bank
scream
crin
Chris
shelter
croc
CZK
hook
crack
lava
laurel
lasa
forests
livre
lira
fox
face
womb
gloss
luxury
naos
nayan
neon
nerve
Niva
Nika
nona
Nora
disposition
nurse
oval
Aries
oats
barn
ovir
vegetable
sheep
window
oner
eagle
orok
misfired
donkey
mastered it
raek
rais
cancer
rax
Ralo
wound
race
real
roar
river
rial
rink
risk
riyal
swarms
role
dew
grove
cassock
saek
salo
Sayan
stall
Svan
pile
fistula
yours
its
Sevres
village
hay
sulfur
serv
Sickle
force
force
with how
skits
skov
leap
chipped
drain
elephant
owl
sleepyhead
term
price
cyanogen
cycle
zinc
circus
cheek
click
yucca
spinning top
young man
youth
Yurok
turnout
sycamore
skiff
bright
bright
yasak
lizard
box
air
anoa
get out
interim
Euro
kako
square
kilo
movie
clio
colo
cuvée
curé
curie
lino
liro
loco
lori
loro
nani
Oriya
revue
rock
sari
solo
Yankees

5 letter words made from reddening fiber:

prepaid expense
obverse
aulos
emergency
Avran
acrylic
axon
promotion
anion
anchor
announcement
range
areca
arena
Aryan
lasso
arsine
asana
asker
polish
outrigger
valer
roller
roller
felling
roll
bath
monitor lizard
cooking
varna
brew
great
velours
broom
wreath
paddle
spring
weight
fork
forks
wine
viola
temple
vocals
shuttlecock
wave
dragged
hair
crow
warrior
Elina
Ernik
willow
icon
invar
monk
spark
sea otter
channel
canvas
canna
canon
buzzard
Karelian
kariya
cacique
helmet
katsik
quark
quartz
canary
shako
nod
kiosk
pick
muslin
pussy
keyboard
claque
clerk
clique
stick
Knix
knitsa
carpet
forging
cocoon
kokor
coconut
color
track
colic
peg
peg
column
ear
color
horse
end
Konik
horse-drawn
Koran
korets
crust
Koryak
oblique
mower
braid
joint
king
beauty
Creole
bloom
crown
kyurin
Lavis
shop
laurel
Lak
Lanka
larva
stall
casket
weasel
leftist
lenok
lazy
clerk
fishing line
forest
bream
liana
Lebanon
liver
Livka
liquor
line
fox
catcher
loquat
curl
pilotage
little auk
larva
bulk
fat
canopy
loomed
intensity
On stake
mow
nakra
pouring
Nanka
sediment
nation
opinions
Nenka
red salmon
nerol
nivka
nixa
Nissan
beggar
newbie
new
zero
noria
mink
temperament
spout
sock
sock
nuance
sheep
ocean
okiyan
hail
color
shout
birth
olein
olive
tin
onyx
crowd
plowshares
plowshare
halo
Orion
orkan
eagle
eagle
orlik
bracken
aspen
grin
donkey
donkey
sedge
Raina
rakija
squeegee
backpack
wound
racea
walkie-talkie
renin
risk
rovik
equal
video clip
duckweed
Ryasna
shroud
savar
white-headed duck
sakwa
saklya
salar
tag
salon
quarrel
pack
brother-in-law
sevak
sevok
Celine
senzo
series
serka
serco
chamois
gray
siver
Sivka
Sivko
gray
sienna
strong
snare
snare
silon
blue
bruise
sirens
Siraya
rock
rock
skarn
square
skena
slope
soon
glory
plum
word
saliva
owl
scoop
scoop
falcon
salty
salt
solarium
fourty
scene
skink
king
tarsus
rear sight
cycle
lye
liquor
puppy
yukola
junior
youth
cadet
juncor
Juno
egg
Avenue
cocoa
comprehensive insurance
Clicquot
koala
cockney

6 letter words made from reddening fiber:

Avar
accident
avarka
akanye
acacia
alkane
a pineapple
anacin
enclave
Annona
Aralia
areola
arnica
bathroom
Varnak
cook
sculpture
sure thing
version
little thing
winnower
footnote
stench
thief
crow
foundation
scream
all sorts of things
icon
caviar
Gentile
Iraqi
Iranian
Iranian
cripple
Kalika
viburnum
Kalkan
ditch
cancan
cancer
cannula
kaolin
caries
frame
dwarf
Quaker
kvass
kinkan
cuirass
mallet
clavier
clacker
peck
maple
dumpling
mite
jib
blade
choir
cloaca
beak
cranberry
blot
forged
rug
cocaine
kokora
knee
wheel
colic
horsemeat
horse
equestrian
horseman
konyak
cinnamon
cow
crown
corsac
Kosina
braid
braids
Kosnik
inert
Krajina
fender
faucet
dye
armchair
curve
Crixa
krinka
blood
roof
crocan
rabbit
Krosno
mallard
Ksenia
xenon
avalanche
lavsan
Laotian
Laotian
lasina
lapel
barking
gesso
lecture
Lenix
lennik
Lesina
forester
hazel
livery
liquor
battleship
linkos
deerskin
dell
grommet
Lurex
milk
biting
incline
Nanai
narwhal
insect
swoop
captivity
neuron
no-show
new
burrows
burrower
conk
ovation
dipping
oxide
window
forging
about okoliya
shard
window
debarking
ham
olive
yelling
eagle
posture
Hosanna
touchstone
osilok
aspen
donkey
the basis
grade
equal
split
diet
reality
renaissance
swarmer
roevnya
dewberry
grove
cassock
Savoyard
herring
sunny
saran
dump
swanka
welding
beet
father-in-law
reconciliation
drill
lead
piggy
svirok
bastard
fold
sower
ax
section
sennik
serval
series
serine
sernik
seeder
seeder
blue
siren
rolling pin
scalar
scanner
skunk
sclera
squabble
shackle
Scolia
chipped
chip
ambulance
warbler
slate
cream
Slovak
word
elephant
drool
warp
Sun
dream book
weed
magpie
scene
virgin soil
price tag
church
cyclone
zircon
crack
jeweler
Javanese
Javanese
yak
anchor
Tribulus
trap
spring
lizard
curacao
rococo
scherzo
UNESCO

7 letter words made from reddening fiber:

aquilon
elder
alexin
alexia
alcoran
aneurin
anchor
anoxia
harlequin
arsenal
vacation
vaccine
felt boots
wallow
dumpling
Varnitsa
cook
cornflower
giant
veronal
military correspondent
fiber
hair
hairline
hair
Voronets
funnel
funnel
black
lint
wax
blathering
caviar
sparkle
gentleman
cavity
mold
Kalinka
calorie
groove
tubule
cancles
gunner
canon
gunner
chancellor
canzone
caravan
caracal
crucian carp
Karelian
dwarf
carnelian
touch
kvasnik
cellar
canary
kerosene
kiosk
sour
horn
oilcloth
clinker
clearance
knixen
knee
the colony
column
Column
speakers
spikelet
spikelet
stroller
guard
conclave
cavalry
farrier
concern
koralek
currant
cow
mullein
wren
crown
mow
mower
braid
beautiful
red
creolin
Creole
armchair
gore
bloodline
blood
Kyurinets
kyurinka
avalanche
lap
lakovar
liquorice
doctor
vocabulary
lazy
Leninka
little wood
forester
Lebanese
Lebanese
rainwater
Livonian
ruling
little fox
litsovka
location
calf
polished
dell
lucarne
alfalfa
bulk
welding
canopy
hitch
dragged
naive
glow
forging
tattoo
liqueur
narcein
markup
uneven
nirvana
beggar
innovation
new
new settler
skillful
nose piece
vegetable grower
oatmeal
fescue
oatmeal
scale
ocarina
outskirts
windowpane
window maker
barker
outskirts
coloring
venison
eaglet
Orlovets
toss
oryasina
grin
splinter
foal
appraiser
ravelin
plain
rakalia
crayfish
wounded
pecking
flaw
reaction
eyelash
rivanol
panache
Ritsovka
roving
dewdrop
sundew
savannah
salovar
reorganization
sanction
barn
saranka
Saracen
welder
verifier
seeder
peasant
villager
Seninka
sennitsa
hayloft
sernitsa
seryanka
siverka
siverko
strong
public garden
filth
starling
squirrel
scleron
bottle
forger
furrier
Slavica
plum tree
dictionary
elephant
owlet
juicer
falcon
falcon
solanine
salt maker
nightingale
nightingale
solonetz
salt shaker
solyanka
diesel fuel
speck
princess
guinea fowl
mat
clicking
pipit
crack
ankle
junior
junior
cowhide
spring grass
vermin
yaskolka
lizard
piano
sirocco

8 letter words made from Fiber reddening: 128 words:

acrolein
shareholder
pineapple
aniseed
anise
annexation
job vacancy
bath lady
veronica
stonefly
military
Volyanka
hair
hair
crowberry
villus
teasel
heterodox
Iskrist
moulder
kankaner
canon
crucian carp
croaking
carnival
croaking
kvasnitsa
sour
harpsichord
clatter
klerovka
beaked
cranberry
carpet maker
calico
wheel
wheelwright
grate
canned food
ending
rooter
indigenous
Korean
cows
barn
queen
kosovina
Kosovica
braid
handsome
belladonna
beautiful
dye
redness
antics
blood
quack
caressing
lexicon
forest
forester
liver
alfalfa
caressing
welder
curtain
sticker
national
innocent
venation
novocaine
fescue
fescue
sirloin
window
ham
grin
basic
founder
plain
sink
unforging
split
price
prices
relaxin
peer
swarmism
barking
dignitary
welder
drill
verifier
pig farm
pig farm
pig
reed pipe
blue-eyed
galloping
bottle
Slav
Slav
Slivyanka
dictionary
Slovene
Slovinets
word
baby elephant
bib
slobber
warper
foundation
skill
falcon
falcon
corned beef
salt lick
sleepy
tomboy
ruble
pricer
church
scraping
clicking
cheek
anchorfish
verlin
kawasaki

9 letter words made from reddening fiber:

proscenium
aircraft carrier
air show
valerian
hair shirt
fiber
hair
hairy hair
hair
crow
all-night vigil
heterodox
cavalry
scribbles
flute
gunboat
canon
Kanzional
kerosene stove
Kiev woman
clearer
carpet weaver
cocoon girl
tinting
chariot
coloring
spikelet
convection
convention
conversion
concretion
root words
little cow
cowshed
princess
coronation
crane operator
gorgeous
redneck
hook
varnishing
inclined
window sill
anchor
novoselka
new settlement
nonsense
slaver
roundabout
tinsmith
base
founder
sedge gardener
galvanizing
sink
repentance
price estimator
cleft
revocation
revolution
same age
dignitary
Saracen
priest
sivoronka
dictionary
elephant house
elephant keeper
juice cooker
falcon
treasure
saltworks
corned beef
forty-year-old
forty
fortieth
churchman
sorrel
lye brewer

10 letter words made from reddening fiber:

shareholder
caravaner
coking
painter
canner
Kornilovets
Corsican
crane operator
knee pad
reluctant
Nikolaevka
relaxation
sectional
Slavism
dictionary
saltworks

11 letter words made from reddening fiber:

painter
conservation
canner
coronation
red-faced
anvil
nuance
salt pan

12 letter words made from reddening fiber:

officework

Queries that may be of interest:

Words starting with "k"
Words with "a" at the end
Words starting with "ka"
Words ending with "na"
Words starting with "kan"
Words ending with "ina"
Words that start with kants
Words ending with shina
Make words from the word "bureaucracy"

Definitioner

Basidia (Basidia)
Lat. Basidia. A specialized structure of sexual reproduction in fungi, unique to basidiomycetes. Basidia are terminal (end) elements of hyphae of various shapes and sizes, on which spores develop exogenously (outside).

Basidia vary in structure and method of attachment to hyphae.

Based on the position relative to the axis of the hyphae to which they are attached, three types of basidia are distinguished:

Apical basidia are formed from the terminal cell of the hypha and are located parallel to its axis.

Pleurobasidia are formed from lateral processes and are located perpendicular to the axis of the hypha, which continues to grow and can form new processes with basidia.

Subbasidia are formed from a lateral process turned perpendicular to the hyphal axis, which stops growing after the formation of one basidium.

Based on morphology:

Holobasidia are single-celled basidia, not divided by septa (see Fig. A, D).

Phragmobasidia are divided by transverse or vertical septa, usually into four cells (see Fig. B, C).

By type of development:

The heterobasidium consists of two parts - the hypobasidium and the epibasidium developing from it, with septations (see Fig. C, B) or without them (see Fig. D).

Homobasidia is not divided into hypo- and epibasidia and in all cases is considered to be holobasidium (Fig. A).

The basidium is the site of karyogamy, meiosis, and the formation of basidiospores. Homobasidy, as a rule, is not functionally divided, and meiosis follows karyogamy. However, the basidia can be divided into probasidium, the site of karyogamy, and metabasidium, the site of meiosis. Probasidium is often a resting spore, for example in rust fungi. In such cases, the probasidium germinates into a metabasidium, in which meiosis occurs and on which basidiospores are formed (see Fig. E).

See Karyogamy, Meiosis, Hypha.

Pileipellis

Lat. Pileipellis, skin - a differentiated surface layer of the cap of agaricoid basidiomycetes. The structure of the skin in most cases differs from the inner flesh of the cap and may have a different structure. The structural features of pileipellis are often used as diagnostic characters in descriptions of fungal species.

Based on their structure, they are divided into four main types: cutis, trichoderma, hymeniderma and epithelium.

See Agaricoid fungi, Basidiomycete, Cutis, Trichoderma, Hymeniderma, Epithelium.

Kutis

The type of cap skin consists of creeping, ungelatinized hyphae located parallel to the surface. The surface of the cap looks smooth.

Lat. Cutis.

See Hypha.